253. nulla flamma, abl. of means with domabile; for adjectives in -bilis and others containing a verbal notion may be construed with the abl. or the dat. as in v. 262.

254. id, that part of him. - terra, governed by defunctum. lestibus oris (from ora), within the bounds of heaven.

-cae

257. deo, as a god, in apposition with Hercule. data praemia, nolet (fut.), he may disapprove.

after the reward has been bestowed.

260. ultima, his last words.

261. notatam, marked for censure.

264. quicquam matris, anything derived from the form of his mother.

265. Jovis vestigia, traces of Jove, i.e. likeness to him. 268. Tirynthius: Hercules was born at Tiryns, in Argolis. 272. astris, dat. after intulit.

X. I. inde, i.e. from the wedding of Iphis and Ianthe, which took place in Crete.

2. Cicõnum: the Cicones were a people of Thrace.

3. Orphea, an adjective; the noun would be Orphĕă. - nequi quam: because the marriage had an unfortunate end.

824074

4. quidem, to be sure: he was present, but brought no luck with him.

6. fax: the torch was the attribute of Hymen. - fumo, abl. of quality (§ 251; G. 400; H. 419, ii.).

7. motibus, by swinging.

II. ad superas auras, to the upper air, opposed to umbras (the lower world); cf. supero in ora, v. 26. — Rhodopeïus: Rhodope was a mountain of Thrace, the home of Orpheus.

13. Taenariā: Tænarum was a promontory in the south of Greece, where it was believed was an entrance to the infernal regions.

14. lěves, i.e. because mere shadows. - functa sepulcro, which have passed the tomb.

16. nervis, i.e. of his lyre.

18. quicquid relates to the subject of recidimus, whatever of us, etc.; the neuter makes the expression very general, applying not only to human beings, but to every creature.

19. positis, laid aside. — orīs from os.

22. Medusaei: the mother of Cerberus was Echidna, a daughter of Medusa. In vincirem an allusion to Hercules is contained, who bound Cerberus and took him to the upper world.

25. posse depends upon volui, pati upon posse.

28. rapinae, i.e. of Proserpine by Pluto, Book V. vv. 362–424.

29. per ego haec loca: in oaths and similar expressions, ego, if used at all, is regularly inserted between per and its noun.

31. properata fata, premature death. retexite, spin backward, i.e. unspin, referring to the Fates, who spin the thread of life.

32. omnia, all we earthly objects. — debemur, are owed, i.e. we belong in the last instance to you, as money really belongs to the person to whom it is due.

36. justos, allotted, i.e. to which she had a right (jus).

37. juris erit vestri, will be yours by right (see § 214, I, c; G. 366; H. 401). pro munere usum, a loan instead of a gift; the right to the temporary enjoyment of property belonging to another was called

usus.

38. certum est mihi, my mind is resolved.

See

41. Tantalus: his punishment was to be placed up to his chin in water, which retreated from him as soon as he stooped to drink. notes on Book IV. 458 and foll.

42. Ixionis: he was bound to a revolving fiery wheel.

43. jecur, the liver of Tityus, fed upon by vultures, and growing again as fast as consumed.

44. Belides (a Greek plural), grand-daughters of Belus (daughters of Danaus, hence usually called Danaides): their punishment was to carry water in a vase with holes in the bottom. - Sisyphe: the punishment of Sisyphus is thus described:

"With many a weary step, and many a groan,
Up the high hill he heaves a huge round stone:
The huge round stone, resulting with a bound,

Thunders impetuous down, and smokes along the ground."

POPE'S Odyssey, Book XI.

46. Eumenidum: the Furies, to whom this name - as well as that of "venerable," "revered," was given, in order to soothe them and deprecate their anger.

47. sustinet negare, holds out to refuse, i.e. persists in refusing.— qui regit, i.e. Pluto.

50. legem, like hanc, is object of accipit; ne flectat, etc., is in appos. with legem.

Fig. 48.

55. afuĕrunt: e short, though regularly long (systole).- telluris summae, the surface of the earth.

61. quid, as well as se amatam [esse], governed by quereretur.

65. tria: the story went, that when Hercules dragged the three-headed Cerberus from the lower world, a person meeting them was turned into stone from fear.

67. natura prior, his former nature; sc. reliquit.

68. traxit: the story here referred to is not known any further. It would seem that Lethæa drew upon herself the anger of the gods by pride in her beauty; that her husband Olenos assumed the blame to himself, and that both were turned into stone. Siebelis.

71. pectora, lapides, in appos. with Olenos and Lethaea.

73. portitor, Charon, the ferry-man over the Styx. (See Fig. 48.) — septem diebus, abl. of time in which, used to denote the time during which (§ 256, b; G. 393, r.2; H. 379, 1).

74. squalidus, in mourning. — Cereris munere, food.

77. Rhodopen, the mountain boundary of Thrace; Haemum, a Thracian mountain.

XXII. THE SONG OF ORPHEUS.

X. 89. dis genitus: Orpheus was the son of Apollo and the muse Calliope.

90. loco, dat. by poetic use (§ 225, b, 3; G. 358; H. 380, ii. 4). - Chaonis arbor: the oak, sacred to Jove, whose chief sanctuary was at Dodona, where the Chaonians had once lived.

91. nemus Heliadum, poplars. (See Book II. 340.)

92. innuba, because Daphne had been metamorphosed into a laurel, in order to escape Apollo's suit.

95. genialis: the shadow of the plane was a favorite resort for pleasure and mirth. — impar, varied (the autumn colors of the maple).

98. myrtus: the final us is accented in the thesis before the cæsura, as is often done by Ovid before et and aut. The myrtle is called bicolor on account of its spotted leaves.—tinus, a plant similar to the viburnum. 100. ulmi: the elms were used for vines to run upon.

103. pinus: the stone pine of Italy spreads out at the top to a broad head, on a very high trunk, so that it seems to have its foliage tied up (succincta comas).

104. deum (genitive) matri, i.e. Cybele.- Cybeleïus, loved by Cybele. 105. hac, sc. pinu; abl. of means.

144. que connects concilio and turba.

147. modos, tones.

151. Phlegraeis campis: near Olympus, where the battle with the giants took place.

153. superis, dat. of agent.

154. ignibus, the fires of love.

155. Ganymedis, son of Tros, king of Troy.

156. aliquid, i.e. some form.

157. mallet: subjunctive in a relative clause of characteristic (§ 320; G. 631, 2; H. 503, i.). — alite, abl. of price (cf. pinu, v. 105) (§ 252, c; G. 404; H. 422, N.2), which is derived from the abl. of means.

158. quae posset, etc., i.e. the eagle, the bird of Jove.

159. mendacibus, as being not really his own.

160. Iliaden: this patronymic describes the country (Ilium), not the parentage of Ganymede; King Ilus

Fig. 49.

Ganymede.

at first sad, afterwards joyful, to rejoice in his restoration to life.

167. genitor, Phoebus Apollo.

168. Delphi, the place of the oracle of Apollo; this was considered the middle of the earth, and a stone was preserved here in the sanctuary, called the Omphalos, or navel of the earth.

169. Eurotan, the river which flows past Sparta. —immunitam : Sparta had no walls, its citizens believing that its best defence was in the valor of its citizens. In fact, no enemy ever came within sight of the city until the invasion of Epaminondas, B.C. 370.

170. citharae, sagittae: the lyre and the bow were the two chief attributes of Apollo.