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The Roman provinces did not stand more in need of patronage than ours: and such clients as we are would have preferred the integrity of Cato to the fortune of Cæsar.

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The cause we bring is in fact the cause of all the provinces in one; it is the cause of every British subject in every part of the British dominions. It is the cause of every man who deserves to be free, every where.

The propriety, therefore of addressing these papers to a gentleman, who, for so many successive parliaments, with so much honor to himself and satisfaction to the public, has been at the head of the commons of Great Britain, cannot be called in question.

You will smile, sir, perhaps, as you read the references of a provincial assembly to the rights and claims of parliament; but, we humbly conceive, it will be without the least mixture of resentment; those assemblies having nothing more in view than barely to establish their privileges, on the most rational and solid basis they could find, for the security and service of their constituents.

And you are humbly besought, sir, not to think the worse of this address, because it has been made without your permission or privity.

Nobody asks leave to pay a debt; every Briton is your debtor, sir; and all we have said, or can say is but a poor composition for what we owe you.

You have conferred as much honour on the chair you fill, as the chair has conferred on you.

Probity and dignity are your characteristics.

May that seat always derive the same lustre from the same qualities.

This at least ought to be our prayer, whether it is or not within our expectations.

For the province of Pennsylvania, as well as in my own private capacity, I have the honour to be, with the most profound respect,

Sir,

Your most obedient

Humble servant,

THE EDITOR.

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The province purged from the odium of favoring pirates and carrying
on an illicit trade

ib.

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The assembly formed thereon dissolved

ib.

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Andrew Hamilton, esq. deputy governor, in vain endeavours to re-
unite the territory with the province

ib.

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Page

ib.

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Logan makes a voyage to England, and returns with private instruc-
tions to Keith, which Keith communicates to the assembly
The governor and assembly in concert pay no regard to the said in-
structions

A controversy in print, between the governor and Logan thereon

A breach between the governor and the speaker

The province in a state of tranquillity for nine years under his admi-

nistration

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Private instructions from the proprietary in two several instances, de-
clared void

65

The proprietary of Pennsylvania too inconsierable here at home to be
a patron to the province; and too unsizeably great there

The proprietaries the sole purchasers of Indian lands; the people at

the sole expence of Indian affairs; treaties and purchases concomi-

tants

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The quit-rents of Pennsylvania paid to the proprietary, first demand-
ed and granted to defray the charge of government
Notwithstanding which, the people now pay taxes for that purpose,
and the proprietaries insist on holding their estates tax free
Paper-money first issued in Pennsylvania

Precautions taken to secure it from depreciation

Mr. Penn's trustees averse to the said issue till a provision was made
at the expence of the province, to render his heirs gainers by it

Room left in the constitution of the province for self-defence, by force

of arms, though the use of arms was not consistent with the princi-

ples of quakers

In consequence of complaints to parliament of the mischiefs arising

from excessive issues of paper-money, by the eastern governments

(that is to say, those of New England;) a general instruction was

sent to all the governors of North America, not to give their assent

71

74

to any farther bills of that nature, without a suspending clause, till
his majesty's pleasure should be known

The assembly grants money in aid of the expedition against Cartha-

gena

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The governor inlists indented servants upon that occasion; and the
assembly apply the money they had given to indemnify the masters
They give 30007. towards the public service, to be applied as his ma-
jesty should direct

Also another sum of 4000l. to furnish necessaries to the troops in
Louisburgh

Page

And yet another sum of 5000l. towards the intended expedition
against Canada in the year 1746, by an addition of the like sum to
their paper-currency; and, notwithstanding the above instruction,
the governor gave his assent to the bill for that purpose

The proprietaries of Pennsylvania oppose the bill brought into parlia-

ment for restraining the northern colonies from issuing paper-bills

of credit, and make a merit of it in the province

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The assembly's representation thereon ib. (and at large in the ap-
pendix p. 337)

ib.

A bill for increasing the provincial paper-currency in proportion to the
increase of the province, by an addition of 20,000/. thereto

Rejected by the governor for being unseasonably timed

And petitioned for by the inhabitants

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A message from the governor (Hamilton) preparing the house to ex-
pect incursions from the French among the Indians in alliance
with them, and requiring assistance on their behalf

ib.

The assembly's message sent to the governor, together with the cur-
rency-bill he had before rejected

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A note of regret that some temperament had not been found out at
home, to prevent the controversy which was now on the point of
breaking out

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