And

Ad-

Houses, importance of their situation,
as affecting health, VI. 319. On cov-
ering them with copper, 329.
securing them from fire, 332.
vantageous construction of the French,
in this respect, 333. Description of
the mode of covering them with cop-
per, 334.

HowE, Lord, his interview with Frank-
lin, V. 29. Their conferences relative
to an adjustment of the controversy be-
tween Great Britain and the colonies,
30. His suggestion of a reward for
Franklin, 37. Objects to Franklin's
terms of compromise, 42. Further

suggestion of reward, 68. Signities
Lord Hyde's objections to an inter-
view with Franklin, 69. Breaks off
the negotiation as fruitless, 77. Is
appointed commissioner to effect a
reconciliation with the colonies, 97.
Declines to acknowledge the Ameri-
can Congress, 104. Intended inter-
view of Franklin, Adams, and Rut-
ledge with, mentioned, VIII. 187.
HOWE, MRS., Franklin's game of chess
with, introducing political negotia-
tions, V. 8.

HOWE, SIR WILLIAM, General, is ap
pointed a British commissioner to ef
fect a reconciliation with the colonies,
V. 96.

HUME, DAVID, his compliment to
Franklin, VI. 244. His essay on the
Jealousy of Commerce noticed. VII.
210. Complains of the prejudice
against his writings, VIII. 6.'
HUMPHREYS, DAVID, one of his poems
translated by Marquis de Chastellux,
X. 263.

HUNTER, Colonel, alluded to, VII. 116.
Husbandry, some remarks on, VI. 113.
HUTCHINS, THOMAS, his memorial, de-
tailing his sufferings as a prisoner in
England, VIII. 436. His services, 438.
HUTCHINSON, THOMAS, Governor, his
remarks relative to the correspondence
of Franklin with Governor Shirley,
III. 57. His comment on one of the
letters, 67. His agency in effecting
the abolition of the paper currency
of Massachusetts, IV. 178. His com-
ment on the report of the Boston com-
mittee in 1772, 381. Petition to the
King for his removal, 430. His His
tory quoted, 444. Hearing before the
Privy Council of the petition for his
removal, 447. Obtains a copy of one
of Franklin's letters and forwards it

to England, 450. Convenes the As-
sembly of Massachusetts at Cam-
bridge, 488. Challenges that body
to a controversy, relative to the su-
preme power of Parliament, 495. Fur-
ther account of proceedings relative
to the letters, 504. His conduct as
governor in 1773, VIII 37. His
speech to the Assembly of Massachu-
setts and its effect, 43. Proceedings
of the Assembly on receiving the
letters, 50. Petition to the King for
his removal, 53. His letters, 72. On
the printing of them, 80, 81. Proceed-
ings of the Privy Council in reference
to his removal, 103.
Hutchinson's Letters, account of the
manner in which they were obtained
and sent to Massachusetts, and of the
proceedings respecting them, 1. 356.
IV. 405-455.

HUTTON, JAMES, account of, VIII. 230.
His efforts to bring about peace, 233,
236.

HYDE, Lord. Franklin's propositions for
a compromise with Great Britain, sub-
mitted to, V. 28. His opinion of the
propositions, 28. Objects to an inter-
view with Franklin, as useless, 69
Converses with Franklin relative to t
compromise, 74.

Hygrometer, suggestion of a, to ascer-
tain the different degrees of humidity
of the air of different countries, VI.
427. To be made of mahogany, 429.
View of a, constructed by Nairne,
449. M. de Luc's, 450. Want of a
good, VII. 52.

I.

Iceland, economy of fuel, in, VI. 539.
Impressment of Seamen, Judge Foster's
argument in favor of, examined, II.
331.

Inconveniences, in all situations in life,
VIII. 419.

Independence, American, I. 373, 380.
Declaration of, 406. Admitted as the
basis of a treaty of peace, IX. 267.
To be acknowledged before commenc-
ing to treat, 305. Mr. Jay's view
of the proper mode of acknowledging,
377; Dr. Franklin's, 389. Not to be
admitted, except as an article in a
treaty, 403. Mr. Oswald's instruc-
tions on the subject, 407.
Independent Chronicle, humorous Sup-
plement to the Boston, V. 125.
Indian Corn, Observations on, II. 103.
Indian Goods, law of New York to
prevent supplying the French with,
VIL 79.

Indian Language, remarks upon, IX. 28.

Indian Trade, on the power given by
the plan of union relative to, III. 46.
Bill respecting, passed by the Assem-
bly of Pennsylvania, 431.
Not ap-
proved by the governor, 456. To be
regarded solely as a British interest,
189. Remarks relative to, 203. Mode
in which it is carried on, 204. Regu-
lation of, VII. 81.

Indian Vocabularies desired by the Em-
press of Russia, X. 248. Procured
by Franklin, 299.

Indians, remarks concerning the North
American and their mode of life, II.
453. Their indifference to learning,
454. Mode of conducting their coun-
eils, 455. Their courtesy of demean-
or, illustrated by an anecdote, 456.
Their hospitality, 458. Dangers to
be apprehended from the, in Pennsyl-
vania, III. 8. Conduct of those in
the French interest, IV. 7. Their
habits of life, 12. Remarks on the
injustice with which they are treated,
62. Their honorable feeling, 68.
Their condition in Pennsylvania, 75.
Plan for the future conduct of affairs
with the, 201. True policy of Great
Britain with respect to the, 318. Pro-
ceedings relating to the establishment
of a boundary line between the prov-
inces and the, 341. Difficulty of in-
structing them in the arts of life,
VII. 67. Mode of supplying the, 78.
Conference with the, at Easton, 125.
Massacre of the, 293. Of the bound-
ary line of the, 395. Proposal to aban-
don the posts in the country of the, 396.
Industry more beneficial to trade than
money, II. 392.

Infection, long retention of, in dead
bodies after burial, VI. 433. Various
instances of this, 434.

Information to those who would remove
to America, II. 467.

INGENHOUSZ, JOHN, his Queries on
Electricity, and Franklin's Answers,
V. 462. Some account of, VI. 406.
Franklin's view of his philosophical
character, 439. His experiment for
burning wire, 448. His vindication
of pointed conductors alluded to, VIII.
227. His experiments mentioned, 395.
His discovery of the utility of leaves
in purifying the air, 432. Invited by
Franklin to accompany him to the
United States, X. 164. His commer-
cial disasters, 333.

Inland Colonies in America, true poli-
cy of Great Britain in regard to, IV.
307. Lord Hillsborough's views re-
specting, 315. Those of Governor
Wright, 319. Their tendency to in-
crease emigration, 322.

Insurance of lottery tickets, VII. 32.
Interest of Great Britain considered,
with Regard to her Colonies, and the
Acquisition of Canada and Guada
loupe, circumstances under which it
was written, IV. 1.

Interest, rate of, how affected by the
scarcity of money, II. 255.
Introduction to the Art of Thinking,
Lord Kames's, VII. 231.
Invention, on the spirit of, V. 354.
Ireland, condition of the poor in, VII.
553. Franklin's Tour in, 554. Of
the Parliament of, and their reception
of Franklin, 558, 565. Projected un-
ion of, with Great Britain, VIII. 84.
Of emigration from, to America, 364.
Whether or not to be included in the
treaty of commerce with Great Brit-
ain, X. 21. Of manufactures in, 161.
Iron, no injurious vapor arises from
heated, Desaguliers's experiment in
proof of this, VI. 57.

IZARD, RALPH, noticed, his dissatisfac-
tion with Franklin, VIII. 230. Mr
Pringle's interview with Franklin, on
the subject, 250. His complaint of
Franklin relative to pecuniary mat-
ters, 358, 369.

J.

JACKSON, RICHARD, his letter, contain
ing remarks on Franklin's Observa
tions on Population, H. 321.
JACKSON, WILLIAM, his public employ-
ment, IX. 47. Acknowledges the
judgment of Franklin, in stopping
the payment of money in Holland.
His controversy with Commodore Gil-
lon, 54.

JACKSON, parody of his speech in favor
of Slavery, II. 517.
Jamaica, account of a great earthquake
in, VI. 11.

JAMES, ABEL, urges Franklin to write
his memoirs, IX. 479.
JAMES THE FIRST, his policy in regard
to libel, II. 289.
Jars, Electrical, on the mode of coat-
ing, V. 299.

JAY. JOHN, appointed minister to Spain,
VIII. 469. His testimonial respecting
Franklin's public conduct, IX. 5, 43.
Is appointed one of the commissioners
for negotiating peace, 82. His con-
versation with M. Oswald relative to
negotiating, 377. His view of the

proper mode of acknowledging inde-
pendence, 377. Answers the charge
brought against Franklin, respecting
his conduct in regard to the fisheries,
X. 8. Is appointed Secretary of For
eign Affairs, 103, 169.

JEANNOT, the actor, mentioned, VIII.
432.

JEBB, JOHN, his plan of a federal un-
ion between the United States and
Great Britain, VIII. 508.
JEFFERSON, THOMAS, is appointed a
commissioner to procure an alliance
with France, but declines, VIII. 190.
Declines the appointment as a com-
missioner for negotiating peace, IX.
82. Is appointed a commissioner to
negotiate treaties of commerce in Eu-
rope, 102. His Notes on Virginia, X.

317.

JEFFRIES, JOHN, his account of an as-
cent in balloon, alluded to, X. 243.
JENYNS, SOAME, anecdote of, VII. 356.
Jews, Comparison of the Conduct of
the ancient, with that of the Anti-
federalists, V. 158.

JOHNSON, SAMUEL, his Noëtica and
Ethica noticed, his character, VI. 125.
Notice of, VIL. 47.

JOHNSON, SIR WILLIAM, his treaty with
the Six Nations laid before the Assem-
bly of Pennsylvania, III. 471. His
speech to the Six Nations relative to
a cession of land, IV. 341. His death
mentioned, VIII. 131.
JOHNSON, WILLIAM S., his account of
the effect of the Boston non-importa-
tion resolutions, VII. 376. His allu-
sion to the character of Lord Hills-
borough, 378. His account of the
reception in England, of the news
of riots in Boston, 418; and of the
neglect of petitions of the colonies,
439; and of the proceedings of Par-
liament on the revenue act, 466.
JOHNSTONE, Governor, British commis-
sioner, his assertion in regard to Frank-
lin denied, VIH. 302, 443.
JONES, JOHN PAUL, supposed letter
from Sir Joseph Yorke to, V. 131.
Anecdote of, 136. His conduct in
regard to the Countess of Selkirk,
VIII. 273. Command of a ship pro-
posed to, by Franklin, 274. Instruc-
tions to, respecting the command of
a frigate, 275. Expedition proposed
to, by Franklin, 337. Instructions to,
339. Plan for employing, 351. His
activity in destroying British com-
merce, 390. Allusion to his action
with the Serapis, 393, 396. His con-
duct on the British Coast, 399, 402.
His quarrel with Captain Landais,
425. Recommended to the President

of Congress, 465. His quarrel with
Landais, 43, 484. Account of his
squadron, IX. 7. Leaves the service
of Russia, X. 419.

JONES, SIR WILLIAM, his intended ne-
gotiation with Franklin, VIII. 365.
His plan of visiting America, 367.
His Fragment of Polybius, given at
length, 543. His appointment as a
judge in Bengal, IX. 500.
Journal of the Negotiation for Peace with
Great Britain, Franklin's, IX. 238.
Judges, on a proposition relating to
the independence of, in the colonies,
V. 22.

Junto, a club established by Franklin,
its members described, I. 81. Is ex
tended, 129. Account of the, II. 9.
Proposals and Queries for the consid-
eration of the, 551. Song written by
Franklin for the, VII. 92. Concern-
ing some members of the, 180. Fur-
ther allusion to the, 223. Song writ
ten for the, by Franklin, 224. Remark
relating to the, 301.

K.

Kalm, Peter, VI. 110. Again, VII.
37. His effort to prove that America
discovered before Columbus,

was
VIII. 69.
KAMES, Lord, his Elements of Criti
cism, alluded to, VI. 263. Notice
of, VII. 187. Concerning the por-
trait of Penn in his possession, 189.
His Principles of Equity mentioned,
197. His Introduction to the Art of
Thinking, 231. His Elements noticed,
241. His views relating to a conso-
lidating union between the colonies
and Great Britain, 334.
KEIMER, THOMAS, I. 35. His eccen-
tricities, 47. Franklin engages in
business with him, 69. Their separa-
tion, 72. His rivalry of Franklin, in
the publication of a newspaper, II.

13

KEITH, SIR WILLIAM, Governor of
Pennsylvania, advises Franklin to set
up in Philadelphia, I. 38, 45. Frank
lin, by his advice, visits England, 52
His wanton deception of Franklin,
55. Enters upon the government of
Pennsylvania, III. 187. His admin-
istration, 188. Dismisses Logan from
the office of Secretary, 189.
ceives orders from England to rein-
state him, 190. His controversy with
Lloyd, Speaker of the Assembly, 191.
Retires from office, 192.
KEMPEL, his automaton chess-player,

X. 23.

King of France. See France.

Re-

King of Great Britain, his power over
naval and military forces throughout
his dominions, IV. 277. Limitations
of his power, 278. Several of his
dominions not subject to Parliament,
230. His rents in North America,
380 He, not the Parliament, the
bond of union between Britain and
the colonies, 408. Petition to, for the
removal of Hutchinson and Oliver,
430. Massachusetts petition to the,
VIII. 22. Presented to, by Lord
Dartmouth, 47. Massachusetts peti-
tion for the removal of the governors
presented to, 100. His reception of
the petition of Congress, X. 433.
KINNERSLEY, EBENEZER, Communi-
cates to Franklin a discovery of the
various kinds of electricity, excited by
rubbing glass and sulphur, V. 177.
His character as a lecturer, 257. No-
tice of his electrical experiments, VI.

256.

KIPPIS, ANDREW, his Life of Captain
Cook cited, I. 456. V. 122.

Kite, Electrical, Franklin's experiment
with the, V. 174 Other similar ex-
periments with the, 295. Quantities
of lightning brought down by that of
M. de Romas, 437.

Knobs, value of, as conductors, com-
pared with points, V. 393. Their in-
feriority, 441.

KOTKOUSKI, Count de, recommended
to Washington, VIII. 220.

L

Labor, the true measure of value, II.
265. Importance of applying it to
useful purposes, 450. Its utility, X.

99.

Laboring Puor, superiority of the con-
dition of the American, to that of
those of other countries, II. 367.
Labrador, of the Moravian mission in,
VIII 496.

LAFAYETTE, introduced to Franklin by
Dr. Cooper, VIII. 305. His uniting
in an expedition with Paul Jones sug.
gested, 337. The expedition defeated,
338. Sword presented to, by Con-
gress, 380.
Its reception acknowl-
edged, 381 His return to the United
States, 429. His reception in Paris in
1782, IX. 172.
Suggests his desire
of a mission to London, 276. Inter-
est taken by him in the commercial
relations between France and the Uni-
ted States, X. 46. His services to the
United States in Europe, 102. His
reception in America in 1784, 135.
His account of a tour in Germany,

LANDAIS, Captain, his misconduct dur-
ing the action with the Scrapis, and
proceedings in consequence, VIII.
397. His quarrel with Commodore
Jones, 425, 483, 484. His mutinous
conduct and insanity, 485.
LANDRIANI, Professor, his work on the
utility of electrical conductors, no-
ticed, V. 482.

Languages, learned, inexpediency of
instructing children generally in the,
II. 159. Extent to which they should
be pursued, VII. 46. Defects of the
usual method of teaching, X. 91.
LA ROCHE, Abbé de, Poem on Hap
piness addressed to, II. 220.
LATHROP, JOHN, X. 347.
LATOUCHE, Captain, his services as
commander of a frigate in America,
VIII. 456.

LAUD, Archbishop, inefficacy of his
attempts to prevent the emigration
of the Puritans, IV. 462.

LAURENS, HENRY, application of Frank-
lin to Sir Grey Cooper respecting,
VIII. 514. His treatment as a prison-
er in the Tower, 517, 522. His mis-
sion, 527.
His merit, IX. 31. Is ap-
pointed a commissioner for negotiating
peace, 82. Of the exchange of Bur-
goyne for, 84. Provision for his re-
lief in the Tower, 105, 115. Mr.
Burke's opinion of him, 170. Re-
commends Mr. Oswald to Dr. Frank-
lin, 241. His conversation with Mr.
Adams respecting the views of the
British ministers and the basis of
peace, 256. Of the exchange of Lord
Cornwallis for, 263, 292, 319. Declines
acting as a commissioner for negotiat
ing peace, 287.

LAURENS, JOHN, suggests the appoint-
inent of a Secretary of Legation in
France, IX. 43.

LAVOISIER, his experiments respecting
heat, IX. 228, 235. His Nomenclature
Chimique, X 362

Lead, danger of using, in distilleries,

VI. 279. Its effects on the human
constitution, 564.

Leather, suggestion of the expediency
of using a globe of, for electrical ex.
periments, when travelling, V.2-2.
Lecture on the Providence of God in the
Government of the World, II. 525.
LEE, ARTHUR, his account of Frank-
lin's demeanor before the Privy Coun
cil, IV. 452. His hostility to Frank
lin shown by portions of his corre
spondence, VIII. 57. Is appointed a
commissioner of the United States to
procure an alliance with France, 190.
His reception in Spain, 205. His
conduct in regard to the commission-

ers' accounts, 256. His complaint, that
he was not informed of Gérard's mis-
sion, 257. Reason of its concealment
from him, 260. His demand, that no
order should be drawn on the Amer-
ican banker but by the commissioners
jointly, 272. Of advances inade to,
by the commissioners, 310. Difficul-
ties created by, respecting supplies
for Virginia, 321. Evidence of his
hostility to Franklin, 444 Encour
ages Landais to resist the authority of
Jones, 485.

LEE, CHARLES, General, VIII. 169.
LEE, WILLIAM, his complaint against
Franklin, VIII 358.

Left Hand, petition of the, II. 184.
Leg, The Handsome and Deformed, II.
185.

Legal Tender, inconvenience in the
colonies of rendering paper money a,
and remedy attempted by Parliament,
II. 353.

Legislature, members of the, how to be
chosen, under the plan of union, III.
40. Inexpediency of dividing the,
into two branches, V. 165.
LEMAIRE, Captain, his difficulty in pro-
curing supplies for Virginia in Europe,
VIII. 321.

LENTMANN, J. G., his description of a
stove, VI. 544.

LE ROY, DAVID, VI. 463.

Letter concerning the Gratitude of Amer-
ica, and the Probability and Effects
of a Union with Great Britain; and
Concerning the Repeal or Suspension
of the Stamp Act, IV. 156.
Letter from China, II. 241.
LETTSOM, JOHN COAKLEY, VI. 307. His
Memoirs of Dr. Fothergill, X. 267.
Levee, The, II. 164.

Lexington, battle of, VIII. 153.
Leyden Bottle, observations on, with ex-
periments proving the different state
of its electrical surfaces, V. 189. Man-
ner in which those states are com-
bined and balanced, 191. Experi-
ments with the, 192. Further experi-
ments, 196. Its power of giving a
shock in the glass, 201. Error of
Nollet's statements in regard to the,
326. Retains its electricity, 381. Se-
lection of glass for the, 453. M. Vol-
ta's experiment, the same as that of
the, 476.

Liberty, its spirit beginning to prevail
in Europe, X. 321.

Life, Essay on the Waste of, II. 77.
Light, suggestions respecting the phe-
nomena of, V. 285. Reasons for be-
lieving that it is distinct from matter,
VI. 115. Remark on Colden's tueory
of, 122.

Lightning, its identity with electricity,
V. 174. Most dangerous position dur
ing, 220. Vapors most easily kindled
by, 221. Its effects in melting and
rending bodies explained, 224. Sug-
gestion of the utility of points in pre-
serving from, 236. Similarity between
its effects and those of electricity, 237.
Its power of fusing metals, 238. Ad-
ditional experiments in reference to,
253. Its effect in producing the mag-
netic virtue, 203. Explanation of the
cause of its crooked direction, 263.
Its remarkable velocity, 267.
plained, 268. Dutch Church at New
York struck by, 277. M. Dalibard's
experiment, showing its identity with
electricity, 288. That of M. de Lor,
294.

Ex-

Mr. Canton's experiment, 297.
Mr. Wilson's, 298. Commonly strikes
from the earth into the clouds, 305.
Direction of, and utility of rods for
conducting it, 311. Particulars in
which the electric fluid agrees with,
350. Leaves wood to pass through
metal, 358. Produces heat in itself
and other bodies by rapid motion,
374. Its effect on Mr. Raven's rod in
Charleston, 395. And on Mr. Maine's,
396. Probability that a loud explo-
sion accompanies every flash of, 402.
Method of securing a powder maga-
zine against, 407. Various qualities
of, 414. Best position for security
from, 418. Quick putrefaction of an-
imals killed by, 457. Attempt to ex-
plain its effect on a church in Cremo-
na. 467. On the mode of securing
houses against, VI. 241. Effect of,
377. Cause of explosions by, VII.

237.

LINCOLN, BENJAMIN, Secretary of War,
asks information of Franklin on mili-
tary subjects, IX. 413.
LINNEUS, his mode of preserving ship.
timber from insects, VI. 223.
Linseed Oil, of the manufacture of, in
the colonies, VI. 79.
LISTER, his view of the causes of earth-
quakes, VI. 2.

LITH, his obtrusive application to
Franklin answered, VIII. 209.
LIVINGSTON, ROBERT R., is appointed
Secretary of Foreign Affairs, IX. 85.
Vindicates the claim to the fisheries,
135. Urges the necessity of further