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CONTENTS.
CHAPTER XXI.
Legislative Vacation—Mr. Madison resumes his Literary, Legal,
and Scientific Studies-Made Doctor of Laws by College of
William and Mary, in Virginia-Disordered Situation of the
Confederacy - Commercial Embarrassments and Distress result-
ing from Selfish Policy of British Government-Proposition to
invest Congress with Power to regulate Commerce with Foreign
Nations-Able Letter of Mr. Madison on the Subject - First
Acquaintance and Correspondence with Mr. Monroe, then a Dele-
gate from Virginia to Congress - Character of Mr. Monroe-
Secret History of Congress -Parties growing out of Foreign
Appointments-Mr. Adams appointed Minister to England-
Mr. Jefferson, to France - Mr. Jay, Secretary for Foreign Affairs
-Congress removes from Trenton to New York-Divided Opin-
ions of the Leading Men of Virginia on the Proposed Grant to
Congress of the Power over Commerce-Richard Henry Lee
and Colonel Grayson-Washington and Jefferson-George Ma-
son and Patrick Henry . .
1-35
CHAPTER XXII.
Mr. Madison declines going Abroad-Excursion made by him during
Recess of the Legislature - Visits to Congress and to General
Washington-Re-assembling of the Legislature - Characters of
its Leading Members - Mr. Madison again appointed Chairman
of Committee for Courts of Justice - Petitions from Seaport
Towns bring up Question of Commercial Regulation-Resolu-
tion for vesting the Power in Congress opposed by the older
Members - Mr. Madison's Speech in Support of it- Carried in
first instance, but subsequent Limitation of its Duration causes its
[ix]
Friends to abandon it- Mr. Madison proposes a Plan of a Politico-
Commercial Convention of the States, to consider the Expediency
of enlarging the Powers of Congress for protecting the Trade of
the Confederacy-Reception of his Plan favored by Contempo-
raneous Proceedings of Joint Commissioners of Maryland and
Virginia, appointed to settle Jurisdiction over Adjacent Waters
- History of those Proceedings-Able Letter of Mr. Madison to
General Washington, in Explanation of his Views - His Plan of a
Convention adopted-Its Importance as the Initial Measure in
the Series of those which led to the Formation and Establishment
of the Constitution of the United States - Claims of Priority for
other Movements considered-Mr. Madison's Steady Adherence
to the Plan of Operations now commenced
36-69
-
CHAPTER XXIII.
Mr. Madison makes another Effort for Compliance with Treaty of
Peace respecting British Debts- His Proposition, relative to
Erection of District of Kentucky into an Independent State,
adopted His Labors in prosecuting Revision of the Laws-
Unhappy Financial Measures of the Legislature-It adjourns
-Occupations and Studies of Mr. Madison during Recess―
Taste for Natural History promoted in Virginia by Officers of
the French Army, while its Head-Quarters were at Williams-
burg, after Surrender of Yorktown - Researches of Mr. Madison
in that Department of Science - Correspondence with Mr. Jeffer-
son, in which he examines and animadverts on Theories of Buffon
- General Philosophical Speculations-Habit of Cautious and
Comprehensive Induction exemplified in Answer to Letter of
Mr. Jefferson, on Relative Condition of Laboring Poor in Europe
and America.
70-96
CHAPTER XXIV.
Commissioners appointed by Virginia recommend Meeting of the pro-
posed Politico-Commercial Convention to be held at Annapolis,
on the second Monday of September - Mr. Madison's Solicitude
respecting the Success of the Convention-He answers, with
Firmness and Decision, the Objections made to the proposed
Plan of Proceeding - Important Report in Congress, urging upon
the States the Adoption of the Revenue System, arranged by Mr.
Madison in 1783-Formal Refusal of Legislature of New Jersey
to comply with a Requisition of Congress - Proposal of Mr. Jay
to surrender the Navigation of the Mississippi to Spain, for a
Term of Years, in Consideration of certain Commercial Stipula-
tions-Earnestly sustained by the Eastern States and by New
York - Warmly opposed by the Southern States - The Policy
of the Middle States, for a Time, in Suspense-Strong Disappro-
bation of the Proposal expressed by Mr. Madison - He sets out
to the North, and visits Congress - Antagonism of Northern and
Southern Parties in that Body carried to a great Height, in con-
sequence of Mr. Jay's Projected Treaty with Spain - Letter of
Mr. Madison to Mr. Jefferson, describing Inauspicious Influence
of this State of Things on Prospects of Annapolis Convention
Able Paper presented by Virginia Delegation in Congress, in
Opposition to Mr. Jay's Project-Proceedings in Congress upon
it-Remarkable Letter of Mr. Monroe, then Member of Con-
gress, asserting the Existence of a Project on the Part of the
Eastern States and New York for the Establishment of a Separate
Confederacy-Proceedings of the Convention at Annapolis — It
recommends the Assembling of another Convention, with Gene-
ral Powers, to meet in Philadelphia the following Year . . 97-130
CHAPTER XXV.
Mr. Madison returns to Virginia to attend the Annual Meeting of the
Legislature-Prepares and introduces a Bill for the Appointment
of Commissioners to the Proposed Convention at Philadelphia —
Bill passed, and Commissioners appointed-Lead of Virginia
promptly followed by the Middle States - Proceedings of the
Legislature on the Project before Congress for the Relinquish-
ment of the Mississippi - Spirited Remonstrance against it drawn
by Mr. Madison - Petitions for an Issue of Paper Money — Op-
posed by Mr. Madison, and rejected — Act authorizing Tobacco
to be received in Payment of Public Dues - Instalment Law pro-
posed-Earnestly resisted by Mr. Madison, and finally defeated
- Repeal of Act for Incorporation of the Protestant Episcopal
Church - One of the Petitions for its Repeal drawn by Mr. Mad-
ison Continues his Arduous Labors in connection with the
General Revision of the Laws-Tribute by Judge Pendleton
and Mr. Jefferson to the Value and Importance of his Services
in that great Work - Reasons for not renewing at the Present
Session his Efforts with regard to the Question of the British
Debts-Financial Embarrassments of the State and Country -
Summary Review of Mr. Madison's Services and Labors during
OF THE
LIFE AND TIMES
OF
JAMES MADISON.
Cabell
BY WILLIAM C. RIVES.
VOLUME II.
CBOSTON:
LITTLE, BROWN, AND COMPANY.
M DCCC LXVI.