MADISON, JAMES-Continued.

urges the importance of preserving the mutual independence of
the great departments of the Government...............1163, 1167
thinks the preponderance of the Legislature is chiefly to be

guarded against.....
..1163, 1167
his views on the general power of the President..............764, 809
opposes removal of the President by Congress, on application of
the States.....

.....777
opposes an absolute negative in the Executive.......
.786, 809
wishes Judiciary united with the Executive to revise the laws....809,
1162, 1166, 1332, 1337, 1564
urges the necessity of making the Executive and Legislature in-
dependent of each other.......

...1126
views on the impeachment of the President.1155, 1528, 1529, 1530, 1572
views on the election of President..1148, 1198, 1200, 1201, 1489, 1500,
1501, 1502, 1511, 1515
thinks the ballot in Congress for a President should be joint.......1419.
desires a provision to prevent the President from appointing to

offices not previously created by law...

...1422

suggests the exercise by a Council of the Executive powers

....

.....

....1434

during a vacancy...
objects to an equal suffrage being allowed to all the States.752, 978, 1006
thinks Senate and Judiciary should not be chosen immediately

by the people......

opposes a division of the Union into Senatorial districts..
thinks Judiciary should be appointed by the Senate..
advocates a small Senate.......
...814
advocates a proportional representation in the Senate.......815, 1006,
1011, 1026, 1102
objects to an election of Senators by the State Legislatures........818
suggests a negative on State laws being given to the Senate..... ..827
advocates seven years as the Senatorial term..
does not object to nine years for the Senatorial term.
desires to give firmness and stability to the Senate.......
objects to the payment of the Senators by the States......
advocates ineligibility of Senators to National offices for one year
after their term.....

..852

..964
..853

..970

..755
.759

.793, 855

..973

.1006, 1026
.......1099

objects to an equality of suffrage in the Senate.
approves of voting in the Senate per capita.....
wishes the provision for supplying vacancies in the Senate, made
more distinct.........

.1269
urges some other rule of representation than contribution alone....750
urges an equitable ratio of representation, but different from that

of the Confederation.....

...751, 979
urges that slaves should be considered in apportioning represen-
tation.......

..1055

MADISON, JAMES-Continued.

considers the number of inhabitants the best rule of representa-
tion, and, in general, the best criterion of property.....
thinks the opposing interests of the Convention are those of the
Northern and Southern, rather than the large and small States...1088
thinks the rule, fixing a Representative for every forty thousand

inhabitants, should not be made perpetual......................
......1262
urges a reduction of the ratio of representation in the House.... 1532
urges the election of the Representatives by the people.......755, 504
advocates triennial election of Representatives....... ..847, 929
in favor of fixing the compensation of the Representatives........849,

..1074

934, 1327
objects to the payment of the Representatives by the States.......934
desires to limit the ineligibility of Representatives to offices es-

tablished or augmented during their term....
..939, 942
objects to a landed qualification for members of Congress....................1214
objects to fixing the time for the meeting of Congress.........1245, 1246,
1247, 1248
opposes a freehold qualification for electors of Representatives....1253
prefers the term “inhabitant,” instead of “resident” as a qualifi-
1257, 1258
objects to a very long term of citizenship being required for mem-
1274, 1300, 1302

cation for Representatives...

bers of Congress.......

pay, or privileges of its members....

objects to the Legislature being allowed to fix the qualifications,
.....1285, 1286, 1493
proposes a provision, to compel the attendance of members of
......1290

Congress.......

objects to the expulsion of a member of Congress by less than
two-thirds..........

doubts whether there can be a specific enumeration of the powers
of Congress.............

..760
761,822

doubts the propriety of using force against a State.....
advocates a negative of Congress on the State laws......822, 827, 979,
1117, 1567
opposes exclusive right of House in regard to money-bills.........956
does not consider the origination of money-bills by the House as

important...........

objects to the exclusive power of the Representatives over
money-bills......
................1267, 1271, 1310
his remarks on the negative of each House on the other..........1244
views on the prohibition of a tax on exports.............1340, 1384, 1388
thinks it better to prohibit bills of credit as a legal tender, than

their emission by Congress......

wishes to cut off all pretext of a paper currency.
thinks that Congress should define the offences which it is au-
thorized to punish.....

....

...1291

1025

1344

.1346

.1349

MADISON, JAMES-Continued.

proposes to vest Congress with power in regard to the public
lands, territories, Indians, a seat of government, incorpora-
tions, copyrights, patents, a university, and arsenals.....1353, 1354,
1576, 1577
thinks Congress should have the regulation of the militia....................1362,
1403, 1405, 1407
his views on the definition and punishment of treason............. 1370,
1372, 1587

desires a provision for the debts and engagements of the Con-
federation.........

views on the provisions in regard to slaves....

views on a prohibition of the States in regard to laws affecting
contracts.......
.............1443, 1444
urges a prohibition on the States, to lay embargoes or taxes on
imports or exports......
.....1444, 1445, 1446
desires a provision, to give effect to the judgments of one State
in another.....

.1448, 1481
..1453

views as to a navigation act.......
thinks that no provision should be made to effect the claims of
the United States and the individual States in regard to terri-
tory and the public lands...........

...1465

views on the regulation of commerce between the States....1477, 1585
advocates inferior national tribunals......

.798, 799

opposes either diminution or increase in the compensation of the

Judges during their term......

...1135, 1437
prefers the appointment of the Judges by the President, with
the assent of the Senate.....
thinks the jurisdiction of the Judiciary should be limited to
cases of a judicial nature, and not extend to all arising under
the Constitution......

wishes a permanent seat of government,........

views as to the mode of amending the Constitution...
views on the mode of ratifying the Constitution..........

.1402
.1427, 1429

..1438

his views on the mode of making and ratifying treaties....1412, 1414,

1521, 1526
.1295
1535, 1591
1469, 1470,
1471, 1473

signs the Constitution....

prefers a ratification of the Constitution by Conventions, instead
of the Legislatures of the States.......

urges ratification of the Constitution by Conventions of the

people..........

.1171

.1183

..796
.1623

MAJORITY

a quorum of each House................ ...738, 1229, 1287, 1339, 1546, 1608
tendencies of, to oppress the minority......
..805
of the people should prevail under the General Government.. .1002

MALPRACTICE

by the President.....
by the Heads of Departments..

MANUFACTURES

superintendance of..

encouragement of..

MARINE

..779, 860, 1153, 1210, 1224, 1528

..1369

..1367

..1445

MARBOIS, BARBÉ..........

...6, 73, 302, 486

writes a letter for the newspapers relative to the British...... ...141
his intercepted letter......
.......235, 240, 243, 531

Mr. Jefferson's notes on Virginia written for............482, 496, 507
remarks on the conduct of the American Commissioners.....

.383

Department of...

MARITIME

cases under jurisdiction of Judiciary.............744, 1238, 1556, 1619
MARQUE

letter of, not to be granted by a State... .744, 1239, 1494, 1552, 1614
MARTIN, ALEXANDER

.....

..1359, 1368, 1399

attends the Federal Convention.......

desires that ineligibility of Representatives be limited to offices
created or augmented during their term.......

desires to increase the number of Representatives from North

Carolina.......

..722

......1059
..1219

..940

objects to seat of Government being at any State Capital.
MARTIN, LUTHER

attends the Federal Convention.......

thinks the separation from Great Britain left each State sovereign

and equal.....

......906, 915
his views of the extent of the Federal or National Government.915, 974
opposes any Confederation unless on equal grounds...1011, 1017, 1097
is in favor of Mr. Patterson's plan........................

...863

is willing to adhere to the compromise giving the small States an
equal vote in the Senate......

.......828

proposes an election of the Executive by electors chosen by the

State Legislatures......

...1096

..1124

objects to the re-eligibility of the President..........1141, 1150, 1190
disapproves of the President and Judges as a Council of Revi-

sion.....

contends for an equal vote of the States in both branches of Con-
gress...

....... ..... ....

disapproves of the Senators voting per capita.....
thinks the Senators should be paid by their States..

wishes Representatives to be elected as the State Legislatures

.....1166

..975
.1186

.1329

direct.......
.......926
opposes the negative of Congress on the State Laws........975, 1117
the effect of the laws of Congress and treaties more exactly de-

fined......

.1119

MARTIN, LUTHER-Continued.

thinks the suppression of insurrections should be left to the
States.....

.....

objects to Congress introducing military force into a State to sub-
due rebellions without its application......

wishes the size of an army in time of peace to be limited by the

Constitution.....

proposes to raise taxes by requisitions..

...1360
...1382
thinks the regulation of the militia should be left to the States....1406
desires a regulation in regard to trade between the States... .1430
wishes two-thirds required to pass a navigation act......
.1450
urges the appointment of the Judges by the Senate...

..1131

thinks there should be no inferior tribunals except those of the
States.......

......

acquainted with the Virginia land claims....
his views on a system of general revenue..

...

offers a provision in regard to confessions of treason..
suggests that pardons be allowed only after conviction....
wishes questions of territorial claim left to the Judiciary................1466
objects to oath of State officers to support the Constitution........845
his views as to the provisions in regard to slaves.......
objects to any provision having the effect to guarantee the claims

of the large States to the western territory.........1458, 1461, 1463
wishes the application of State Executives for the protection of

the General Government to be limited to the recess of the Le-
gislature.....

prefers a ratification of the Constitution by the State Legisla
tures...

dissatisfied with the general character of the Constitution........1475
MARYLAND

views on declaring Independence....

..10, 13, 17
votes for white inhabitants as the rule of taxation.....
..32
views on a cession of their public lands by the States.....50, 123, 363,
689,
691

views on a system of general revenue..
opposes a poll tax.......

.363, 562
...305
629, 642

.711

.897

.617, 642

.723, 770

views as to Spain and the Mississippi..
adopts exclusive commercial regulations.
violates the articles of Confederation..............
proceedings as to the Federal Convention...
sends delegates to the Federal Convention...
proportion of representation in the House of Representatives be-
fore a census.......
.736, 1052, 1057, 1107, 1222, 1227, 1544
proportion of representation in the Senate before a census......... .737
proportion of electors of President....
.1150, 1152
opinions on the Federal Constitution...
.649
MASON, GEORGE

.1140

1350

...

..1137
..1376
.1433

1388

........1467

.1472

..108, 579

..579