(xxix) v.38, 'in whom is the spirit of Elohim,' refers to v. 16, 'Elohim shall answer the peace of Pharaoh.'

(xxx) v.39, 'prudent and wise,' refers to v.33.

(«xxi) v.44, "¬yba, ‘beside,' as in v.16.

(xxxii) v.47 belongs probably to E, for this reason: after the full mention in this verse of the 'seven years of plenty bringing forth by handfuls,' it seems very unlikely that the writer of v.47 would go on in the same breath to speak in v.48 of 'the seven years which were in the land of Egypt'; but v.48 belongs certainly (as it seems to us) to J, and therefore we give v.47 to E..

(xxxiii) v.56,57, the famine was strong in the land,' see the J. phrase in (295.ii).

(xxxiv) v.56, all the face of the earth,'-never used by J, who says 'the face of all the earth,' vii.3, viii.9, xi.4,9, 'all the face of the ground,' ii.6, 'the face of the ground,' iv.14, vi.1,7, vii.4,23, viii.8,13.

N.B. It is possible that some small portion of E, has been lost after v.45, in which was described Joseph's carrying out the plan as laid down by this writer in v.34,36,-having been replaced by the statement of J in v.48, which corresponds to his previous note in v.35, and is followed by the J. sequel in v.49–55.

295. xli.31,35,40-43,46,48-55, Jehovist.

(i) v.31, and the plenty shall not be known in the land by reason of that famine afterwards,' expands and explains more fully the statement of E, in v.30, ' and all the plenty shall be forgotten in the land of Egypt.'

*(ii) v.31, for it shall be very heavy,' comp. (59.xiv);

comp. for the famine was heavy in the land,' xii.10;

' and the famine was heavy in the land,' xliii.1;

'for the famine is heavy in the land of Canaan,' xlvii.4;

'for the famine was very heavy,' xlvii.13.

(iii) v.35, J speaks here of collecting all the food of those seven good years; whereas E2 in v.34 speaks only of collecting a 'fifth part of it: so ILGEN, p.451. (iv) v.35, p, 'collect,' as in xlix.2.

*(v) v.35, 3, 'corn,' xli.35,49, xlii.3,25, xlv.23.

(vi) v.35, ‘under the hand of,' as in xxxix.23, comp. xvi.9.

(vii) v.40, J places Joseph over Pharaoh's house, comp. xlv.8, whereas E, places ⚫ him only over the land.

*(viii) v.40, over my house,' comp. over his house,' xxxix.4, xliii.16,19, xliv.1,4, comp. xlv.8.

*(ix) v.40, ‘at thy mouth shall all my people kiss,' (180.xxv).

(x) v.40, 'only in the throne will I be greater than thou';

comp. 'there is none greater in this house than I,' xxxix.9.

*(xiv) v.42, 71, 'vestment,' (141.lviii).

(xv) v.42, 'and he put-on him vestments of fine-linen,' comp. 'vestment to puton,' xxviii.20.

(xvi) v.42,43, these particulars, the 'ring,' 'fine-linen robes,' 'gold-chain,' 'chariot,' &c. are quite in the style of the Jehovist, comp. xxiv.22,53.

(xvii) v.43 is out of place before v.44.

(xviii) v.43, ‘and he (gave) set him over all the land of Egypt';

comp. 'I do (give) set thee over all the land of Egypt,' v.41.

(xix) v.46, 'and Joseph was a son of thirty years at his standing before Pharaoh'; it is this notice of time, as we have shown (184), which introduces great discrepancies into the story.

(xx) v.46, 'stand before,' as in xliii. 15

(xxi) v.46, 'king of Egypt,' (291.iii).

(xxii) v.46, 'and he passed-over in all the land of Egypt' comp. 'and Abram passed-over in the land,' xii.6;

'I will pass-over through all thy flock,' xxx.32.

(xxiii) v.48, 3, 'collect,' as in v.35, xlix.2.

(xxiv) v.48, 'and he collected all the food of the seven years';

comp. and let them collect all the food of the good years,' v.35.

(xxv) v.48, 'food in the cities,' as in v.35.

(xxvi) v.49, 'lay-up corn,' as in v.35.

(xxvii) v.49,, 'corn,' see (v) above.

(xxviii) v.49, 'as the sand of the sea,' as in xxxii. 12,-also D(xxii.17).

(xxix) v.49, 78? Ma77, 'very much,' comp. xxxiv.12—D(xv.1).

*(xxx) v.49, py, 'until,' as in xxvi. 13, xlix.10-only besides in 28.xxiii.10 (166.xxi).

(xxxi) v.49, ↳¶ņ, ‘leave-off,' as in xi.8, xviii. 11.

(xxxii) v.49, 'he left-off to number, for there was no number';

comp. 'it (which) shall not be numbered for multitude,' xvi.10, xxxii. 12.

(xxxiii) v.50, ‘and to Joseph there were born two sons,' as in x.25;

(xxxiv) v.50, which Asenath, &c.,' imitated (as we suppose) from E, in v.45. *(xxxv) v.50, □ny, 'not yet,' (3.ii).

*(xxxvi) v.51, 'and he called the name of the firstborn Manasseh, for &c.' v.52, 'and the name of the second he called Ephraim, for &c.,'-derivations of the names Manasseh (, from, 'forget') and Ephraim (7, from 7,‘be fruitful '), in the same form as in (3.xvi).

(xxxvii) v.51, 'all the house of my father,' comp. ‘all the house of his father,' xxxiv. 19, xlvii. 12, 'all his house,' xlv.8.

(xxxviii) v.52, 'Elohim hath made me to be fruitful in the land';

comp. we shall be fruitful in the land,' xxvi.22.

*(xxxix) v.52, 39, affliction,' (86.viii).

(xl) v.53, which were in the land of Egypt,' as in v.48.

(xli) v.54, 'and the seven years of famine began to come' corresponds to 'and the seven years of plenty ended,' v.53;

comp. also 'before the year of famine came,' v.50.

(xlii) v.54, ↳âï, ‘begin,' with n, ‘end,' v.53, as in xliv.12, (5.xxix).

(xliii) v.54, all lands,' as in xxvi.3: E, says 'all the earth,' v.57.

*(xliv) v.54,55, ‘bread’= food, (186.xxxi).

(xlv) v.54, and in all the land of Egypt there was bread';

comp. 'and bread there was none in all the land,' xlvii. 13.

(xlvi) v.55, what he saith to thee, do';

comp. 'what Elohim hath said unto thee, do,' xxxi.16.

296. HUPFELD observes, p.71 :

The difference of the sources of this preliminary history of Joseph, xxxvii, xxxix, cannot therefore be denied. Also in the sequel traces may be found of the same, which ILGEN has already indicated, and into which I cannot here go further. And he repeats the same on p.193. For the future, then, we shall have to compare notes almost exclusively with BOEHMER.

BOEHMER divides the Chapter between E, J, and the Compiler, giving, as usual, much to the latter. But he produces nothing to counterbalance the weight of the evidence exhibited above in our analysis. Two points only in his remarks seem to deserve particular notice.

(i) He gives v.43 to E,, because the Egyptian names, he thinks, belong all to one writer, and Joseph's Egyptian name in v.45 belongs to this writer.

Ans. But BOEHMER himself, p.117, gives to J the Egyptian words, v.17,18, and, v.18; and it is not certain that, is an Egyptian word: it may be Aramaic; and J quotes in xxxi.47 an Aramaic word, and in x.26 an Arabic, viz. 'Al-Modad.' If 'Abrech' be Egyptian, it was probably a word in common use, when the king or his vizier went about the streets, and therefore might have been well known to any writer of Palestine. But, if E, and J are really the same person, as we suppose, the fact of both these using Egyptian words would be very natural.

(ii) BOEHMER, p.117, considers that in, in v.48 is a sign of E,, and compares with it xl.3,xli. 10,-whereas J uses, xxxix.20, 'in a like connection.'

Ans. The idea in xxxix.20, where Joseph is 'put into the house of the tower,' is not the same as in xli.48, where grain is 'put in the cities,' or, as it is explained, ‘in the midst of them; and in xl.3, xli.10, the phrase is 'put in ward-prip not meaning 'a prison' or 'place of confinement,' but the abstract idea, 'custody, confinement.' It would have been better to have pointed to xlii. 17, where J (as we hold with BOEHMER) has input-together into ward.' But J uses 1, in xvi.5, xxxix.4,8, &c.

297. xlii.5,6,7, Second Elohist.

v.5 is clearly not in connection with what precedes; it would be very tame for the J. writer, who has said in xli.54 that the famine was in all lands,' and in xlii.1-2 has described Jacob's family as suffering from it, to observe now

'for the famine was in the land of Canaan.'

And again the commencement of this verse,'and the sons of Israel came in the midst of those coming,' reads strangely after the notice in v.3 that

'Joseph's ten brethren went down to buy corn in Egypt.'

We assign this verse therefore to E,, in continuance of his story in xli.57.

(i) v.5, 'came to buy among those coming,' refers to xli.57, and all the earththey came to Egypt to buy.'

(ii) v.6, he was the seller to all the people of the land,' refers to xli.56.

(iii) v.7 seems to be repeated awkwardly in v.8, which belongs certainly to J: we therefore give this to E, as the continuation of v.6a, and suppose that it was followed originally by xlv.16.

N.B. In v.6",, 'rule,' and its cognates, is only used elsewhere in the later Books, Ez.xvi.30, &c. The word may be used here as a foreign word to express Joseph's office as vizier.

(iv) v.4, 'lest mischief befal him,' v.38, 'should mischief befal him

comp. 'should mischief befal him,' xliv.29.

(v) v.6', 'the brethren of Joseph,' as in v.3.

(vi) v.6, 'they bowed to him with their faces to the earth,' in partial fulfilment of the dream, xxxvii. 10(J).

*(vii) v.6o, ‘bow with the face to the earth,' (99.v) comp. (97.ix).

N.B. In v.7, the Jehovist begins to introduce again the idea of the ill-feeling between Joseph and his brethren, and occupies with his narrative the whole interval from xlii.7-xlv.15.

(viii) v.76,30, niip, 'hardly,' comp. np, 'be hard,' (259.i).

(ix) v.7,10, buy food,' xliii.2,4,20,22, xliv.25, comp. ‘buy corn,' v.3:

E, says simply buy,' or 'sell,' xli.56,57, xlii.5,6*.

(x) v.8 repeats the notice of E, in v.7*; and v.8,9, would have come better (instead of v.7,) after v.6" and before v.7.

(xi) v.9, ‘and Joseph remembered the dreams which he dreamed concerning them,' refers to their bowing' in v.6, and to the dreams in xxxvii.5-10.

*(xii) v.10,11,13, 'thy servants,' (97.x).

(xiii) v.13,32,36,36, 'is not,' as in xxxvii.30-also E(v.24).

*(xiv) v.13,32, 'the younger,' v.15,20,34, 'your younger brother,' (47.viii).

(xv) v.13,32, Di3n, 'this day,' as in xlvii.23—E,(xl.7, xli.9).

(xvi) v.14, 'this it is which I have spoken unto you';

comp. 'this is the word which I have spoken unto Pharaoh,' xli.28(F. ̧)

'the word of Joseph which he had spoken,' xliv.2;

'the words of Joseph which he had spoken,' xlv.27.

*(xvii) v.15, map, 'from this,' (277.xix).

(xviii) v.16, 'send and take,' (180.xlvii).

(xix) v.16,19,24, 7, ‘bind,' (287.xxxvii).

*(xx) v.16,37, NÝ-D, 'if not,' (97.xxx).

(xxi) v.18, 'this do,' xlii.18, xliii.11, xlv.19—E,(xlv.17).

(xxii) v.18, 'I fear ELOHIM'; comp. 'thou fearest ELOHIM,' XXII.12.

(xxiii) v.19, 'house of your ward,' comp. 'house of the tower,' (291.vi). (xxiv) v.21,22, refers to xxxvii. 21,22,28.

(xxv) v.21,28, 'a man to his brother,' as in xiii.11, xxvi.31, xxxvii. 19.

(xxvi) v.21,21, 77, 'distress,' as in xxxv.3, comp. xxxii.7(8).

(xxvii) v.21, 1, 'grant graciously,' as in xxxiii.5,11, xliii. 29.

(xxviii) v.21, by, therefore,' (3.xvii).

(xxix) v.22, nig, 'between,' as in xxvi. 28.

(xxx) v.24, na, 'weep,' (180.xli); comp. especially Joseph's repeated 'weeping,' xlii.24, xliii. 30,30, xlv.14,15, xlvi.29, 1.1,17.

(xxxi) v.25, ‘and give them provision for the way';

comp. 'and he gave them provision for the way,' xlv.21.

6

(xxxii) v.26, and they lifted-up their corn upon their asses';

comp.

'and he lifted-up his sons and his daughters upon the camels,' xxxi.17;

and the sons of Israel lifted-up Jacob their father in the wagons,' xlvi.5.

*(xxxiii) v.27, Nipp, forage,' (141.xxxix).

(xxxiv) v.28, ‘their heart went-out'; comp. 'his heart fainted,' xlv.26.

(xxxv) v.28, 77, 'tremble,' as in xxvii.33.

(xxxvi) v.28, 'what is this Elohim hath done to us?'

comp. 'what is this thou hast done to me,' xii. 18,-see (4.xiii).

(xxxvii) v.29, 'Jacob their father,' as in xlv.25,27, xlvi.5; comp. 'Jacob his

father,' xlvii.7, 'Israel their (his, your) father,' xliii.8,11, xlvi.29, xlix.2.

*(xxxviii) v.30,33, 'the man,' xlii.30,33, xliii. 3,5,6,7,11,13,14, xliv.26.

*(xxxix) v.33, ', 'set-down,' (3.xi).

(xl) v.34, 'and ye shall trade in the land';

comp. 'and ye shall trade in it,' xxxiv.10,21.