Recent Improvements in the Steam-engine in Its Various Applications to Mines, Mills, Steam Navigation, Railways, and Agriculture: Being a Supplement to 'The Catechism of the Steam-engine.'

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Longmans, Green, and Company, 1880 - 336 Seiten
 

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Seite 3 - ... is reason to believe that it consists in some kind of to-and-fro movement of the particles of bodies; but whatever it is, we know that a certain quantity of heat is equivalent to a certain quantity of work When work is spent in producing heat by friction, every 772 foot-pounds of work produce just as much heat as would raise the temperature of a pound of cold water by 1° Fahrenheit. Multiplying 772 by f we get 1390°; hence the heat which would raise a pound of cold water through 1° Centigrade...
Seite 8 - ... in the condenser less heat than the boiler produces ; and the greater this disparity — supposing there, is no loss by radiation — the more effective the engine will be. In a perfect engine the temperature of the condenser would not be raised at all ; but the heat would wholly disappear by its transformation into power. In such an engine the steam would enter the cylinder at the temperature of the furnace ; and as it expanded more and more, its temperature would fall more and more, until finally...
Seite 222 - ... capable of lifting is the cubic content of the channel scooped out of the water by the mouth of the scoop in passing through the entire length of the trough : this measures 10 inches width by 2 inches depth below the surface of the water in the trough, and 441 yards length, amounting to 1148 gallons or 5 tons of water. The maximum result in raising water with the apparatus is found to be at a speed of about 35 miles per hour, when the quantity raised amounts to as much as the above theoretical...
Seite 218 - ... of the rails, as seen in Figs. 1 and 2, Plate 10. The scoop B, for raising the water from the trough, is of brass, with an orifice 10 inches wide by 2 inches high, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4 ; when lowered for dipping into the trough, its bottom edge is just level with the rails and immersed 2 inches in the water. The water entering the scoop B is forced up the delivery pipe C, Fig. 1, which discharges it into the tender tank, being turned over at the top so as to prevent the water from splashing...
Seite 219 - ... inches higher than the level portion : the trough is tapered off in depth to a bare plate, so that the same thickness of wood packing serves for fixing it throughout the entire length. The portion of the line where the trough is fixed is a curve of 1 mile radius, and the outer rail is canted 1 inch above the inner, the wood packing being made taper for fixing the trough horizontal ; but the cant does not interfere with the efficient action of the scoop on the tender, since it amounts to only...
Seite 218 - Fig. 3 ; for dipping into the water trough it is depressed by means of the handle F from the footplate, which requires to be held by the engineman as long as the scoop has to be kept down. The upper end of the scoop B is shaped to the form of a circular arc, Fig.
Seite 218 - G, which act as a stop and prevent the bottom edge of the scoop being depressed below the fixed working level ; the set screws also afford the means of adjusting the scoop to the same level when the brasses and tyres of the tender have become reduced by wear, causing the level of the tender itself to be lowered. The orifice of the scoop is made with its edges bevilled off sharp, to diminish the splashing, and the top edge is carried forward 2 or 3 inches and turned up with the same object.
Seite 219 - Fig. 3, to make a flexible and water-tight joint, the metal not being in contact ; this meets all the disturbances arising from expansion, settlement of road, and vibration caused by the passage of trains. The length of trough now laid on the Chester and Holyhead Railway near Conway is 441 yards in the level, as shown in the diagram Fig.
Seite 88 - In 1 798 the duty of an engine, which is expressed by the number of pounds raised one foot high by the consumption of a bushel of...

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