Mounthalt. Havergal (Fast. Hereford.) states that, the churchyard having been recently built over, he had made enquiries and was informed that the graves of the bishops had not been disturbed.

His will, nuncupative, is dated March 18, 1551-2; and was proved (P. C. C.) Ap. 9, following. He leaves all his property to his brother, Robert Skyppe, to John Harford, and to Richard Willyson (Vol. 1. 29) to be distributed at their discretion amongst his kinsfolk and servants. Witnesses' present, the bishop of Norwich; Dr Wendy (Vol. 1. 24); Augustin Steward, alderman of Norwich; Edmund Danyell, clerk; and others.

This period is marked by several additions to our endowments. In the first place, a fourth scholarship was added to the list by Thomas Alkyn, vicar of Mutford, Suffolk, and Margery Hore (see under Endowments).

Far more important than this, however, as marking the introduction of a new system of teaching and of study, was the foundation of our first lectureships. These were due partly to private beneficence and partly to the King's initiative. As a full account of Geoffry Knight's foundation is given elsewhere, it need only be stated here that the deed for his lectureship is dated in 1538; and that, soon after the Royal Injunctions of 1535, and in consequence of the King having remitted the first-fruits on fellowships (Annals), the college established another lectureship. These were respectively called the Humanity or Latin, and the Greek, lectureship. In 1539 a third preaching office, similar to those founded by Knight in 1520, was established by John Whitacre.

JOHN STYRMIN.

John Styrmin, fourteenth master (1540-52), graduated B.A. 1525-6; M.A. 1529; and B.D. 1540. His name first appears in our records as a scholar of the college in 1528; and afterwards as a fellow, in which capacity he is one of the witnesses of a deed in 1538. He was one of the first two priests—“ salarists" as they were afterwards called-appointed on Dr Knight's foundation, by his deed dated Oct. 20, 1538. He was archdeacon of Hereford, 1542-51; and prebendary of Eyne, Hereford, 1545, and Bartonsham, 1547–51.

His will, probably nuncupative, is dated Feb. 1, 1551-2; and was proved (P. C. C.) June 2, 1552. He is described simply as late archdeacon of Hereford. It is stated that he did will and bequeath unto Thomas Lane, his servant, a gelding, and 208.; also to Perceval Bedell, his servant, another gelding. All his goods to be left to Richard Willyson (Vol. 1. 29) and Edward Cowper (archdeacon of Hereford, &c.; v. Ath. Cant.) his executors, for them to distribute at their discretion amongst his kinsfolk. Witnesses, John Herford, and Danyell, a clerk (see the witnesses of John Skipp's will).

1 The writer in the D. N. B. considers that these names point to his having died at Norwich. This seems unnecessary. As parliament was sitting, the bishop of Norwich would naturally be in London; and so would Wendy, as court physician. There is also an error in the statement that Skipp was buried at Hereford.

One important event occurred during his mastership, namely the visitation of the University, under Edward VI., in 1549. But the following is the only reference to our College contained in it, "On the monday, May 13, they went to Gonwell Hall, and had made an ende by iii of the clocke and before, and so took only a banket there in sted of bever at iii of the clocke, and supped at Doctor Wendyes, wher no meate was provyded but only for the vysytors" (Lamb's Documents, p. 110).

THOMAS BACON.

Thomas Bacon, fifteenth master (1552-1559), graduated B.A. at our college, 1517-8; M.A. 1521; and D.D. 1556-7. He was a scholar from Michaelmas 1517 to 1519; and a fellow from 1519 to 1527. He was principal of Physwick Hostel in 1521. He held several pieces of church preferment; being rector of Hockwold, Norf., 1529-39; of Chelsfield, Kent, 1532-1559; chaplain to Henry VIII.; rector of Barrow, Suff., 1539; canon of Stoke by Clare; canon of Ely, 1544–59; and vicar of Hoxne, Suff. He died at Chelsfield, Jan. 1, 1558-9, and is buried there; the entry in the parish register being simply "Thomas Bacon, parson, there buryed, Jan. 3, 1558."

His widely distributed church preferment probably interfered with his duties in college. Caius, who knew him well-for all the transactions concerning his own new foundation had to be carried on with Bacon-gives a low estimate of his character: "homo certe gravis, mitis, et amabilis, sed custos inutilis et negligens." He adds indeed that he died deeply in debt, and fraudulently disposed of his property to his brother Nicholas, a merchant in London (Annals). He also says that whereas he could remember there having been £600 in gold in the treasury, he found, on becoming master, only £4. 16s. there. The college moreover was more than 100 marks in debt; the master and fellows having squandered the property.

The following is the inventory of his goods (in his lodge at Cambridge, I presume), taken from the records of the Vice-Chancellor's Court, now at Peterborough. The total absence of any mention of books is hard to explain.

"Thynventorie of suche stuff as was Mr Thomas Bacon, late Mr of Gownvyll and Caius Colledge, 1558.

The principal event, of any University importance, under the mastership of Bacon, was the Visitation of 1556-7, during Queen Mary's reign. The best known incident of this Visitation was the exhuming and burning of the bodies of two reformers who had died some years before. The arrangements seem to have been made at Bacon's lodge, and are thus referred to by Mere, the Esquire bedel, "Item. The Vice-Chancellor, Dr Harvey, Mr Swinborne, Maptyd, Dr Yonge and I dyned with Mr Bakon at Gonville Hall, and after dyner sealed the instrument of Bucer and Fagius condempnation, and bare it to the Vysytors" (Lamb's Documents, p. 203). This was on Jan. 14. On Jan. 28 the Visitation of the College is thus mentioned, "After dyner they went to Gonville Hall, where they were lykewise receyved, and so went into the chapel singing Summæ Trinitati, &c., and after they had perused the sacrament, &c, they wente to the Master's lodginge and there divyding themselves went to examination and finished all by iiii of the clocke."

JOHN CAIUS.

Suæ memor juventutis,
Viam indicans salutis,
Portam condidit Virtutis

Et Honoris proximi :

His præfixit arctam satis
Januam Humilitatis,

Monens intrent ne sublatis

Animis discipuli. (Carmen Caianum.)

Our great second founder, John Caius (sixteenth master, 1559-73), was born at Norwich, probably in the parish of St Etheldred, Oct. 6, 1510. He was the son of Robert Caius, who died in 1532, and was buried in that parish; and of Alice Wodanell, who died in 1547', and was buried in the parish of St John at the Gate. His father, though a resident in Norwich, was of Yorkshire origin. This fact has been needlessly doubted by Blomefield (III. 296), but is decisively stated in the Grant of Arms to John Caius, and confirmed by John Parker (Skeletos) who must have been personally acquainted with men who had known him in college. Hence it has been conjectured, and even stated as a fact, that he was connected with some branch of the well-known Yorkshire family of Kaye or Kay. The recent discovery of the sheets containing the bursars' accounts whilst Caius was a student do not confirm this. His name occurs in ten different forms (Kees, Keys, Keis, Kesse, Cais, Kaius, Keyse, Cayus, Keysse, Caius). It will be observed that no one of these is of the type "Kaye," but that they all end with the letter, or the sound, s. There can therefore be no doubt that his English name was always Keys or Kees. Search has been made amongst the wills both at York and at Norwich with the view of finding some clue to the origin and history of the family, but hitherto without any success. Considering how strongly local sympathies generally expressed themselves in the appropriation of endowments, it seems rather singular that Dr Caius should have confined his benefits almost entirely to Norfolk, and have made no reference whatever to Yorkshire.

1 These personal details are given by Cooper, and others, without authority assigned. They rest, so far as we are concerned, entirely upon the statement of Dr Tanner in his Bibliotheca Anglo-Hibernica, who says "In ephemeridibus extraneis manu Johannis Caii sequentia annota fuisse dicuntur"; and he proceeds to quote them in Italian. The expression used, and the language in which they are written, suggest their having appeared in some Paduan Admission register, or Italian journal. But, after enquiries most kindly made for me by Professor Ferraris of Padua, and by the learned University librarian, no confirmation can be found of this suggestion. There is in any case some difficulty to be cleared up, as the date here assigned for his mother's death was four years after he had left Padua. I cannot but think that 1547 must be a mistake (possibly for 1537), as the passage concludes "ritorno verso Inghilterra 1544.”

2 That is, whereas it was commonly supposed that the pronunciation of the name might be rendered by the spelling "Key's College," we must now shift the apostrophe and represent it by "Keys' College." In either case, of course, the familiar pronunciation is not, as vulgarly supposed, a conventional rendering of the Latin name Caius, but the unaltered perpetuation of the contemporary English name.