from the portion of land allotted in lieu of the whole former rights of the living, and alfo from the intereft or produce of the money fo expended upon it." With regard to inclofures, it is generally provided in the Act, that either efpecial compenfation is made for any lofs of revenue by the incumbent; or at least that the fame is fully confidered by the commiffioners before their apportioning the allotments: and if the minifter's fhare is fo large as to require divifion fences, it may be fuppofed that the additional improvement will fupport the expences. But if he fuppofes otherwife, he may omit making fuch fences; or, if abfolutely neceffary, may raife money for that purpofe in the manner prescribed by the A&t of Parliament, lately paffed, for impowering the clergy to charge their livings with money for repairs, &c. By the two acts which were paffed in the years 1777 and 178 in order to promote the refidence of the parochial clergy, and to take away all pretence for not refiding on their respective livings, it was enacted, that the incumbent (with confent of the patron and ordinary) might borrow to the amount of two years income, on mortgage of the glebe tithes, rents, and other profits, for 25 years, the incumbent to pay the intereft yearly, and alfo 51. per cent of the principal, if refident (at least 20 weeks in the year) on the living; and if nonrefident, cl. per cent. per annum of fuch principal: which mortgage money is to be applied for building an houfe where none, and repairing old ones, or purchafing others; with power alfo to purchase a certain quantity of land, and other conveniences, and even to exchange the glebe: and a power is referved to the mortgagee to diftrain, as in cafe of rent; and the incumbent is to infure the premilles from fire. Thus the law ftands; wherewith our author does not feem fatisfied: but, defirous to throw the burthen as far from himself as he can, and to fix it upon his fucceffor, though he feems not to lofe fight of his own intereft, he propoles that the power to mortgage fhould not be for a term only, but perpetual; which may make it a more objectionable fecurity to procure money thereon. And it may be prefumed the legislature would fcarce acquiefce in that part of the author's plan. Before I quit this fubject, I cannot avoid mentioning that in this pamphlet P.S. I have alfo looked over the "Obfervations on the Poor Laws, addreffed to the Members of the Two Houfes of Parliament, by William Young, Efq. F.R.S. and M.P." preli minary to a propofed amendment of them, and think the amendments propofed very judicious; and that it is better to rectify and amend old laws, than, according to the prefent rage, reject them totally, although there may be fome faults found out by experience. But as this matter is at this time under the proper investigation, I shall fay no more on the fubject at pretent. LETTERS ON EDUCATION. SIR, more are nam'd! UCH is the picture fome of your SUCH WISE people draw for the generality of the young of the prefent age. Thefe WISE HEADS reprefent this life as only the dawn of endlefs exiftence;-that it is, therefore, of importance to confider the deftiny of man!-that happiness, even here, muft refult from the confcioufness of a useful and well-fpent life;and that, to have the ftream run clear, care must be taken that the fountain be not polluted. But all this, like every thing elfe that is ferious, in this frolicfome age, fhould be ridiculed. Thefe WISE ONES are weak enough to venture to contraft one of their fine fellows with one of mine; but, in reality, there is no comparifon. They paint a youth of innocence and fimplicity, with the feeds of virtue and piety carly implanted, and gradually expanding-a defice of useful knowledge increafing, and, in time, raising the mind to elevation and fubli mity, in the contemplation of the immenfity of the power, the wifdom, and goodneis difplayed in the visible creation; in tracing the nature of man, his powers, his dutics, and his destination; --pur --purfuing fources of delightful entertainment in the hiftory and afpect of mankind, in various periods and fituations. They exhibit their young man as poffeffing a heart warmed with benevolent and kind affections, his actions guided by juftice and reason, and always purfuing the best means to obtain the worthieft ends;-enjoying the bounties of Providence in moderation, with a cheerful and thankful heart;-defpifing meannefs, felfiihnefs, and deceit, and holding every breach of moral duty as unbecoming a gentleman. Thus educated, they reprefent him as a warm friend-an entertaining and inftru&ting companion, perhaps poflefling wit, but without groffhefs or indelicacy, and never with ill-nature, but to lafh vice-a ufeful member of fociety,-amiable, and eftcemed in all the relations of life,regretted in death, but never dead in the affectionate remembrance of his friends! - But, in our fashionable language, this is all a dd bore-it is mere twaddle. My gay fine fellows laugh at all this kind of fuff. Such a fellow has no foul-no fpunk-they would not get drunk with him, he is not enough of the ton. Indeed, if any one appears fuperior to his neighbours, in point of knowledge or principle, my friends very Froperly run him down, or, if he is young, they foon laugh him out of his notions; and do not many philofophers maintain, That ridicule is the teft of truth and the many inftances that happen of the kind I have mentioned, prove the juftnefs of their doctrine. A very few, indeed, affect to pity and defpife my friends; but they gain nothing by this for the pity and contempt are reciprocal, and I have at least ten to one in my favour. My young friends make the moft of life. They make ufe of what is fet before them, and think not of to-morrow. They are tired fometimes, no doubt, for they try their conftitutions, to be fure, pretty freely; and vacant hours will happen. But if a tedium vile fhould at latt opprefs them, that is (to explain to thofe who have not learned Latin), if they thould have no more relith for eating and drinking, dancing, playing at cards, gallantry, gambling, and diverfions, there being no other refources of entertainment worth notice, they very properly have the manliness to put an end to a life that is become wearijome; and thus they bold. ly extinguish their fpunk, when it will no longer fhine with its ufual brightnefs. Left fome of my young friends, however, fhould mistake the road, by falling in with bad company, or bad example, I fhall point out the broad way. I am to fuppofe, that my directions for educating your fon in early life, without moral or religious principles, to have been followed, and that now he is upon his entrance into life, without a TASTE for knowledge. Any little attention your fon has hitherto been obliged to give to books has been tirefome and irkfome. The fatigue of reading or thinking is intolera ble. But he will prefently fit up whole nights in a tavern, or gallop from funrife to fun-fet after a pack of hounds, without reckoning it any fatigue. He will hate to liften to people of good fenfe and delicate manners. By the education he has received, he will think himfelf a man long before Nature intended he fhould be, and loose (that is free) converfation will, with him, be the harbinger of fimilar conduct. Some moral writers reprefent, that "few know how to be idle and innocent, or have relifh for any pleafures not criminal; every diverfion they take is at the expence of fome virtue; and the first step from neceffary employment, or bufinefs, is into vice or folly." To prevent this, thefe odd fort of people recommend the forming a young perfon's tafte for letrers-the fine arts-manly exercifes and accomplishments, &c. 1 have no objection more than they, in my plan of education, to fiil up vacant hours by reading. It gives a fimulus and ze to active employment -My plan of reading, however, is far more light, eary, and agreeable than theirs. No regular plan is requifite, and it may be refumed at any time, with equal improvement. What I recommend to your fon's perufal are, modern novels—magazines — comedies and farces-trials for divorce, which this kingdom fo amply furnishes now-a-days, and which are always publied. Indeed, there are now, luckily, publishers who will print and fell any thing that does not endanger their ears. Some of them, for the good they have done to my intereft, by their total difregard of decency and propriety, fhould be rewarded with the dignified title of Moft Excellent Printers to bis Infernal Maj-fy. If your fon can read French, there is alfo ample store in that language for his amufement and improvement. The novels of the laft age were of the grand and heroic kind. They were not a picture of life indeed, but had a tendency to infufe a fiately dignity of character, which now is laughed at. The prefent, with a few exceptions, are more warm and inflammatory, and more fuited to life and manners; which, to fay the truth, are much indebted to thefe compofitions for the liberal progrefs that is made, and fill making, towards what I reckon perfection. To the honour of the country, a Scotfman was one of the firft and the ableft writer in this delightful fpecies of compofition; and moft rapidly did his labours increase the number of my votaries, many of whom are now reaping the fruits of the inftruction. De Vergy, an AngloFrenchman, followed next; and then a thousand of my kind friends after him. It has been faid, that Fontaine and Chaucer, dying, wifh'd unwrote Thefprightlieft efforts of theirwanton thought. And a great, though falfely-admired, writer has given this opinion: But in one point is all true wifdom caft, To think THAT early we must think at last. But fuch filly fentiments tend to check the glorious liberty of the prefs; and this liberty, which has long been with out controul, I am much indebted to, and I will not fail to reward its bold fupporters. Of late years, I have been much obliged by the writings of a French gentleman, the younger Crebillon. His works have been the foundation of fome of the most recent, and the most remarkable, divorces that ever took place. All thefe works are very properly publicly advertifed; and Parliament, with their LORDS SPIRITUAL, either fee not the confequences, or very wifely do not chufe to take notice of them. The Chamberlain all daily gives licences for theatrical performances, quite to my mind; although the King publishes a proclamation for the fuppreflion of vice and immorality. I can have no objection to his Majefty making an appearance of reformation, if the officers of the crown encourage licentioufnefs. I approve much of the great increafe of circulating libraries over the king. dom. An indifcriminate reader at these feminaries of knowledge I could not wish to fee in a more hopeful train. A cir culating library kept by a man of taste, principles, and attention, I would indeed very much diffike; for it might promote a relish for literature and ufeful knowledge at an eafy rate; and he might be patronifed by my enemies.But, amidst the great numbers that now abound, this can but rarely happen; therefore I wish them all manner of fuccefs. Let your fon read as many of the above fort of books as he pleafes. Don't be afraid of his hurting his eyes, or of his getting a bead-ach, in fuch study.He will, for his amufement, alfo recommend them to the miffes, who may bappen to be more ignorant than himself. As the paffions are not fuficiently frong of themfelves, and easily kept under command, the perufal of fuch books are neceffary to give them due force. The paffions might have lain dormant without fuch affiftance. Your fon will now think of nothing elfe but indulgence. He will judge of every female as the befiæ fere do of every animal they can conquer, viz. that they are will foon learn to be dextrous in the lawful prey; and, like them too, he arts of enfnaring. He may probably tire of the common herd of the abandoned; but any innocent girl, who ftrikes his fancy, he will be artful in wiles and ftratagems to feduce. It is remarked by fome acute obfervers of human nature, that " early corrupted, are generally inhuman young people, and cruel-that they are impatient, vindictive, impetuous, and frequently brutal in their manners. They have only one object to occupy their imagination; in purfuit of which, they will lie, cheat, and deceive, yet reckon themselves tlemen upon honour." But all this is no more than to fay, that the boys are bold and spirited, and they do credit to me by their principles and practice. gen Your fon, thus begun, will not fcruple to inftruct the daughter of his father's best friend-or the fifter of his intimate companion, in all he knows. But on the mention of his own fifter being fo treated, probably his honour will be roufed, and he will think himfelf included in the infamy and difgrace which the prejudices of the world yet throw upon want of delicacy or vir tue in the female character. But, Do as you would be done by, was no part of his education. Yours, &c. BELZEBUB. (To be continued.) Mr: ALLOW me to venture a conjecture on a paffage in Shakespeare. In Mr. Ray's "Collection of English Words," Rynt ye is thus explained: "By your leave, ftand handfomely. As Rynt you Witch, quoth Beffe Locket to her mother, proverb Cheshire." Com. pare with this the following paffage in Macbeth, and Johnson's note on it, p. 378:-"ft Witch. A failor's wife had chefnuts in her lap, and mouncht, and mouncht. Give me, quoth I. Aroint thee, witch the rump-fed runyon cries." When the witch roughly cries, 66 'give me," it is natural that the failor's wife fhould ufe a common proverb to reprove her for her ill manners, rather than bid her "anoint herfelf, and go to her infernal affembly." This is a proof, among many, that we may travel far in fearch of a thing that lies at our door. Nor was it neceffary to call upon St. Patrick, and take a journey to the infer nal regions, for an explanation of what was to be found in a fimple proverb at home, without trouble to the faint, or danger to ourselves. Mr. URBAN, E. P. March 4. N the fummer of 1772, being on the IN Midland Circuit, I came to the knowledge of a Mr. George Mathew, then refident in the town of Mansfield. The history, or any part of the life of this man, is too uninterefting to claim the leaft notice of the public, except in one particular, which relates to a cure he performed on himself of a disorder com.. monly understood to be incurable. Mr. Mathew's malady was a confumption, which, from his brother having died of it about the fame time that he was in daily expectation of falling a victim to it himfelf, appears to have been hereditary; and therefore the cure of it, by the very fimple means here mentioned, I conceive to be the more extraordinary, and proves that Nature, if not the beft, is a good phyfician, even in the most dangerous difeafes. Not having feen or heard any thing of Mr. Mathew for many years paft, and having occafion lately to addrefs a letter to Col. Rooke, at Woodhoufe, I requefted that gentleman to give me fome account of Mr. Mathew, fubfequent to the above period, to enable me to lay before the publick a more perfect state of his cafe, and moft probably an account alfo of its termination. In the courfe of a few days I was favoured 4 with the following very obliging letter, containing a brief though circumftantial narrative; which, agreeably to the intention of the ingenious and worthy writer, I thus tranfmit to the publick. A PHILANTHROPIST. Extra of a Letter from Hayman Rooke, "I SHALL always be happy in "George Mathews, late of Mansfield, co. Nott. died about feven years ago, aged near 70. Twenty years before his death, he had every fymptom of a galloping confumption, which in a fhort time reduced him to a mere skeleton, and he was given over by the faculty. Having no hopes from medicine, he was advised to try breaft-milk, of which he foon experienced the good effects, for in lefs than feven months he was perfectly cured, and continued a very strong, hale man to the time of his death. He followed the occupation of a barber-furgeon, bleeding and drawing teeth The above account you may depend on as fact.-I am, Sir, &c. H. ROOKE." Letter from the late DAVID HUME, St. Andrew's Square, Edinburgh, MY DEAR SIR, *Befides thefe occupations, Mr. Ma thew, at the time I knew him, was a florift. He would then walk 30 or 40 miles a day to attend the feafts of the florifts, in purfuit of their annual prizes. In 1774 I met him at Rotherham in Yorkshire, to which place he had brought two auriculas for that purpofe: and it was indeed furprising to obferve the ruddinefs of his countenance, and every other symptom of health which he then enjoyed, confidering that he preferved his life merely by ftratagem. though though my Lord refufed to name her. The Pretender came to her house in the evening, without giving her any preparatory information, and entered the room when he had a pretty large company with her, and was herfelt playing at cards. He was announced by the fervant under another name: the thought the cards would have dropped from her hands on seeing him; but he had prefence enough of mind to call him by the name he allumed, to ask him when he came to England, and how long he in tended to ftay there. After he and all the company went away, the fervants remarked how wonderfully like the ftrange gentleman was to the Prince's picture which hung on the chimneypiece in the very room in which he entered.-My Lord added (I think from the authority of the fame Lady), that he ufed fo little precaution, that he went abroad openly in day-light in his own drels, only laying afide his blue ribband and ftar; walked once through St. James's, and took a turn in the Mall. About five years ago, I told this tory to Lord Holderness, who was Secretary of State in the year 1753; and I added, that I fuppofed this piece of intelligence had at that time efcaped his Lordship. By no means, faid he; and who do you think firft told it me? It was the King himfelf; who fubjoined, " And what do you think, my Lord, I fhould do with him" Lord Holderness owned that he was puzzled how to reply, for if he declared his real fentiments, they might favour of indifference to the royal family. The King perceived his embarraffment, and extricated him from it by adding, My Lord, I fhall juft do no thing at all; and when he is tired of England, he will go abroad again."-I think this ftory, for the honour of the late King, ought to be more generally known. But what will furprife you more, Lord Marechal, a few days after the coronation of the prefent King, told me that he believed the young Pretender was at that time in London, or at least had been fo very lately, and had come over to fee the few of the coronation, and had actually feen it. I asked my Lord the reafon for this ftrange fact. Why, fays he, a gentleman told me fo that faw him there, and that he even (poke to him, and whispered in his ears thefe words: "Your Royal Highnefs is the "laft of all mortals whom I fhould exGENT. MAG. May, 1788. "pect to fee here." "It was curiofity "that led me," faid the other; "but "I affure you," added he," that the per"fon who is the object of all this pomp "and magnificence, is the man I envy "the leaft.' You fee this story is fo near traced from the fountain-head, as to wear a great face of probability. Query, what if the Pretender had taken up Dy, mock's gauntlet? I find that the Pretender's vifit in Eng land in the year 1753, was known to all the Jacobites; and fome of them have affured me, that he took the opportunity of formally renouncing the Roman Ca tholic religion, under his own name of Charles Stuart, in the New Church in the Strand! and that this is the reafon of the bad treatment he met with at the court of Rome. I own that I am a fceptic with regard to the last particulars, Lord Marechal had a very bad opinion of this unfortunate Prince, and thought there was no vice fo mean or atrocious of which he was not capable; of which he gave me feveral inftances.-My Lord, though a man of great honour, may be thought a difcontented courtier; but what quite confirmed me in that idea of that Prince, was a converfation I had with Helvetius at Paris, which I believe I have told you. In cafe I have not, I fhall mention a few particulars. That gentleman told me that he had no acquaintance with the Pretender; but fome time after that Prince was chaced out of France, a letter, faid he, was brought me from him, in which he told me, that the neceffity of his affairs obliged him to be at Paris, and as he knew me by character to be a man of the greateft probity and honour in France, he would truft himself to me, if I would promife to conceal and protect him. I own, added Helvetius to me, although I knew the danger to be greater of harbouring him at Paris than at London; and although I thought the family of Hanover not only the lawful fovereigns in England, but the only lawful fovereigns in Europe, as háving the free confent of the people; yet was I fuch a dupe to his flattery, that I invited him to my houfe, concealed him there going and coming near two years, had all his correfpondence pafs through my hands, met with his partizans upon Pont Neuf, and found at laft that I had incurred all this danger and trouble for the most unworthy of all mortals; infomuch that I have been allured, when he went down to Nantz to embark on his expedi |