EACH DAY'S PRICE OF STOCKS IN. MARCII, 1788. 34 953 N.B. In the 3 per Cent. Confols. the highest and lowest Price of each Day is given; in the other Stock the highest Price only. Derby Leicester Lewes Liverpool 3 Maidstone Manchefter 2 Northampton Reading 3 Sitbury COTLAND She held 2 Sher orne 2- Stamford YORK 3 312 Meteor. Diaries for Apr.1788, and May,1787 282 Queen Mary's Confinement at Edinburgh ሀ . 320 330-345 On the Interment of the Prefident Bradshaw i. Proceedings in prefent Seffion of Parliament 322 373 374 37 By SYLVANUS URBAN, Gent. LONDON, Printe by JOHN NICHOLS, for D. HENRY, Tate of SAINT JOHN GATE. 45 3042 fair 26 51 56 52 46 60 50 130,2 fair cloudy W. CARY, Mathematical Inftrument-Maker, oppofite Arundel street, Strand. @ Mountain fnow-drop (leucoium æftivum) in bloom. Large black flies, bibion noir de St. Marc (tipulæ febriles) appear in great numbers, and afford plenty of food to the newly-arrived fwallows. Paftures yellow with bloom of ranunculi. Horse-chefnut in bloom and full leaf.-d Hyacinthus non fcriptus, and quince (malus cydonia) in bloom.→→ Rye now moved in ear affords a plentiful crop et fodder during thefe harth winds, which keep back the grafs.-f Some fwallows frequent chimmies; not yet all come.-g Alopecurus pratenis & anthoxanthum odoratum in bloom.--6 Hawthorn in bloem, and highly frog.at.- Rhubarb (rheum rhaponticum) in bloom. Fern emerges.-—— Two (283 THE Gentleman's Magazine: For APRIL, 1788. BEING THE FOURTH NUMBER OF VOL. LVIII. PART I. H George-fr. HanoverMr. UREAN, Square, April 12. XEARING lately of the great fuccefs attending inaculation for the fmallpox at Luton in Bedfordshire, I was naturalXly led to enquire into the feveral particulars relative to that matter. Amongst other informations, fome of them perhaps of doubtful authority, I have been favoured with the following authentic account by the Hon. and Rev. Mr. Stuart, rector of the parish. If you fhould judge the communication to he of fufficient importance to the pub lick, I doubt not of your giving it a place in your Magazine; in which cafe, it may be deemed a curiofity by fome of your readers to be informed, that Mr. Stuart is a grandfon of the late Lady Mary Wortley Montague, who first introduced inoculation into this country. care that human prudence could fuggeft, as to cleanliness, medicine, and attendance, fcarcely more than half of our patients fur vived this dreadful difeafe; and though they were kept at fome distance from the town, it was found impoffible to prevent the infection from fpreading. Alarmed at the danger, I endeavoured to overcome the prejudice and fears of the people, and prevail on them to be inoculated. Accordingly, in the course of three days, a furgeon of the neighbourhood communicated the infection to 928 paupers, who were judged incapable of paying for themfelves; and foon after to 287 more, moftly at their own charge. Of thefe 1215, only five died, and thofe under the age of four months; as you will fee by the attefted lift which is inclofed. Mean time Mr. Kirby and Mr. Chafe, the furgeons refident at Luton inoculated about 700 of the better fort, with an equal fuccefs. Even from this statement, the advantage of inoculation is manifeft; but the following circumstances fet this advantage in a ftronger light. Many paupers have fince fhewed me the preparatory medicines, which, notwithstanding all their promifes to take, they had omitted; and the extent of the parith (it being nearly thirty-three miles in circumference) rendered it impof fible to prevent their procuring ftrong liquors. Thefe circumstances, that few fuhmitted to regimen, and that fome did not ★ Two house-martins (hirundo urbica) feen.-/ Two fwifts (hirundo apus) appear.Swallows frequent chunnies. Medlar (mefpilus germanica) blows. A pair of red➡ backed butcher birds have built a neft in a quickfet hedge. The eggs are white, and furrounded at the biggest end by a circle of brown spots, "coronæ inítar *", *"- Fly catcher (muticapa grifola) appears. In outlets about town, where moffes, lichens, and goffamer, &c. are wanting, birds do not make nefts fo peculiar each to its fpecies. Thus the neft of the chaffinch hath not that elegant appearance, nor is it fo beautifully ftudded with lichens, as thofe in the coun try; and the wren is obliged to conftruct his neft with straws and dry graffes, which do not give it that roundness and compaƐtness so remarkable in the edifices of that little ar chitect. even use their medicines, which at the time increafed my anxiety for the event, are furely convincing proofs of the little danger attending inoculation. On my return to Luton, I mean to recommend annual inoculations at the parish charge. This may be fupported on principles of economy, as well as on principles of humanity. The health and fafety of the people ought ever to be the fupreme object of parochial management. The life of an induftrious parent is abfolutely invaluable; and he, who thinks it can be rated too high, is no lefs ignorant of policy, than deftitute of feeling. For nine years that I have held the living of Luton, the average number of finall-pox patients is 25. Thefe, at the loweft computation, ftand the parish at two guineas enon, exclufive of medical affiftance. The d feafe is fo apprehended in the country, that the nuries require double pay; and both they and the patients are confined in an airing-houfe feveral weeks after the recovery. Should my plan of annual inoculations take place, the expence would not amount to the fifty guineas which are now paid for thofe who have the fall-pox naturally. But, alas! thefe fifty guineas are but a fmali part of the real charge and inconvenience produced by this dreadful malady. Its almost constant effect is a permanent augmentation of the parish expenditure. If a labourer dies, his fantily must be fupported. If a mother is loft, the children maft he removed to a workhoufe, as their father cannot fpare time for employments that are merely domeftic. In a workhoufe they lofe innocence, reputation, and that fenfe of independence which is the furett principle of industry. I have troubled you with thefe obfervations, because I am confident they are applicable to more parishes than mine; and because I am equally confident, that, were inoculation generally practited, it would leffen human mifery, fave many a useful life, and even promote that economy which many think the only object worthy of at tention. I am, Sir, your faithful fervant, South Audley-fr. 2 Mar. 1, 1788. W.STUAKT. Copy of the attested lift referred to in the preceding. A child of George Road-had the thrush at the time of being inoculated-and fuppofed to die in confequence thereof-age 9 weeks. A child of Samuel Young-died with the eruption on it-age 7 weeks. A child of John Flitton-died three days after inoculation--age 12 weeks. A child of John Olney-died in a fit the fixth day after inoculation-age 16 weeks. eruption on it-age 5 weeks. FRA. NASH, Luton, Jan. 6, 1788. Churchwarden. From the circumftance of not more than two fhillines being paid for inocuthe foregoing letter, it appears at once lating each of the paupers mentioned in at how fmail an expence a great many valuable lives may be faved to the public, by a little attention on the part of the nobility, clergy, gentry, and others. In the very defirable event of their adopting the benevolent ideas of my Hon. and Rev. friend, I would remark, that the propereft fealons of inoculation are, when the juices are leaft likely to be contaminated by infectious or conta gious diteafes, which rage moft in the autumnal months; begging leave at the fame time to recommend the use of from 50 to 100 drops of the concentrated fpirit of fea-falt diluted in barley-water, or any other mucilaginous liquid, in the proportion of 50 drops to a quart, for preventing the juices from falling into that putrid ftate which renders finall-pox fo much more deadly. the I would farther advife an equally free ufe of the fame fpirit in every town and village through the kingdom, as a prefervative against infection, as well as a great aid in curing the worst forts of putrid fevers, which have been of late to deftructive in fo many parts of Eng land.--I am, Sir, your moti obedient fervant, WILLIAM FORDYCE. Letters to the People of Great Britain, on the Cultivation of their National Hiftory. LETTER III. IN my laft it was thewn that our hif tory is neglected, from the careleffnefs and inaccuracy difcovered in the publication of one of its most important monuments. It fhall not be alerted, that our other ancient hiñorians are published with equal inattention, and want of literary fkill. But certain it is, that all of them fhould be collated afreth with the MSS. feveral of which lightbraries, fince the publications were have come to light, and paft into pubmade The fpirit of philofophy and criticism was hardly known in antiquities till the prefent century; and the vaft fuperiority of the recent publica tions of ancient monuments over the former is univerfally felt in all foreign countrics. That |