this will anfwer no defcription whatever. If whirlwinds and vacuums, in ftark calms, are the causes of spouts, and that fpouts rife, then will they moft_certainly appear agreeable to that figure given by Dr. Stewart, and from him by Dr. Franklin, perfectly perpendicular, jet-d'eau like;—and fo furely fo, that I much question if a fhot from a great gun, or any crofs accident, was to let in air, or fet fuch a column as theirs out of the plumb, it would overfet the whole navigation, and the towering fabric tumble fplath, like a boy's houfe of cards. As to the other idea, a falling fpout, the flopings never can be uniform, because they muft hang as the varying fituation of the atmosphere will form them: more or less fo, as the reigning breeze has ftrength, as it is high in the air, or low on the horizon. And, befides thefe, the laws of perfpective will give them different cafts to the curve or perpendicular, as the eye may be fituated which obferves them-of which more anon. Befides, I fee not (while the atmofphere otherways may enjoy a profound calm) why an overcharged cloud may not, from fome internal caufe, unperceived, and even unknown by us, burst into a fpout. And, if Father Beccaria's electrical hypothefis fhall have any fhare here, viz. that electric fire gathers the vapours together, forms clouds with them, and afterwards diffolves them to rain; I fee not why fuch a fall may not be, truly fpeaking, perpendicular, This, I believe, however, is feldom the cafe; for though they happen in calms, they are feldom feen in ftark calms. Sometimes there are light airs below, raised by, and according to, the violent agitation of the rebounding waters, but always fo above, created alfo by that fudden change which muft fo expediti oufly be made in both the figure and denfity of the cloud-making a wind as they go, in Dampier's phrafe-from all which arife thofe little rakes, flopes, and bendings, which that mariner very properly defcribes them to have. Indeed this very gentle breeze, or fluttering air, is, in my opinion, the very accoucheur of the fpout, if I may fo exprefs myfelf. A cloud fully charged, and equally charged every where, in a perfect calm, will, if the air is unable to fupport the weight, give way every where into a general rain. Again, a cloud fo charged with weight, in an evenly and fmart gale will be broken, difperfed, and driven away, without perhaps the fall of a fine gle drop: both of which we inhabiting this fultry zone are conftantly experiencing, either to our good, or our lucklefs fortunes. But if a cloud is charged, and hangs in the way of baffling airs from different, perhaps oppofite quarters, perhaps within, perhaps without the cloud, pufhing and fqueezing it, as it were a fponge, into a narrower compals; it may give way, not only in one heavy pour, but in feveral at once of a lighter fall. And this alfo is the caufe why fpouts from the fame cloud appear to have different rakes or arches-befides this principal one, which, from the laws of peripective, will always exift, viz. that all being feen in different points, and from one place or fhip's deck, none can be feen in an equal point of view. But, as already obferved, all above must be gentle, to give the effects we feel, and, accordingly, hardly an inftance is to be met with of any thing violent or hurrying, amongst the heavy clouds, during the continuance of a water-fpout, till, growing fpecifically lighter by the vaft difcharge of fluid, they gradually feek upwards for a lighter atmosphere, and fometimes gain alto a motion onwards; which laft motion, to the eye, will always be the most discernible. And we may here remark, once for all, that thefe motions must be regulated by the difcharge from the cloud. The motion upwards may be fo flow as not to attract the eye's notice; but fuch a motion must be, and must take place early on the difcharge. That the motion onwards must take its rife alfo by flow degrees, and is not perhaps often very difcernible till a confiderable time after the beginning of the fall. And that, if that driving of the cloud for half an hour, more or lefs, as fome obfervers have mentioned, is with any confiderable velocity or rake, there must arrive at that time fome extraneous breeze to add to the natural light air. Nor is it unlikely for nothing is fo commonly oblerved with us, in fultry weather, as the long pennated leaves of our lofty palm-trees to have a rustling motion in one tree, when perhaps all near it, and as high as it, remain in folemn quiet. So that, until fome motion onward is thus gained or met with, nothing can hinder a spout appearing in perfect perpendicular-and there are allo fituations in which fpouts, which have great rakes and bendings, muft yet appear to hang in perpendicular, although Capt. Dampier might never perhaps have fo feen them. T : To explain all thefe by example. If there be a breeze, and that breeze gentle, the flope will be as in Plate III. fig., a. If a little ftronger the breeze, it will form a rake, as at fig. b. If the gale is low on the horizon, the bending will be carried onwards, as at fig. c. If aloft, then the curve will be formed refembling fig. d. Again, as to the curves appearing in perspective, all thofe forms already mentioned are depicted in profile; that is to fay, fuppofing the breezes fet from Eaft to Weft, and that the obferver ftands due North or South, But if the eye changes pofition, and is in a quartering point of view (in the South-east for initance), then will half the arch be loft and if we fhall fuppofe it placed in the Eaft or Weft, to wit, in a line with the flope or arch, then cannot the eye (be the flope ever fo bending) perceive any curve whatever, but muft fee the fall as if in perpendicular, fig. e, e. Capt. Dampier would not perhaps immediately fee the force of this delcription. But, had I been on board him, and durft have jefted my commander into a better fancy, I would have referred him to the boatswain's nose,which, however prominent the Roman arch, or aquiline lope, might appear in profile, while its owner looked afkew or athwart him; yet, let him have tacked about full on my captain, and it would have dropped him a perfect plumb.— The design of fig. 8 will illuftrate all this. And perhaps this may be the propereft place to mention a common opinion that reigns amongst feamen; that ipouts rife out of the fra in one place, force them. felves into the clouds, and fall down again in fome other. Now, what occafion a fpout has for a cloud, as a refting place in its way before it fails, more than a thell from a bomb, when, mounting flowly near its full height, it feems to halt a moment before it pitches its fall, perhaps Jack may not, to fatis, faction, tell us, never having feen a Spout without its cloud, and having but little acquaintance with the laws either of projectiles or peripective. But fuch an idea he has very naturally framed from often leeing more fpouts than one at a time, a fecond fometimes following hard upon the fir,-and in the fame cloud, or apparently fo; and fometimes, with a contrary and corresponding angle in the tal, as at fig. 7, f,f; the proper Isalon her which we hall howe er met in our progie's, J. LINDSAY.. 7 HAT fhall we fay then to the WH public reprefentation of a play in which most of the fcenes place voluptuous fenfuality in full view, in which one of the principal characters is introduced with a kept miftrefs, and left in poffeffion of her, in which another commits a rape behind the scenes, tells the ftory before them to his friend, as the females of the family alfo do to others, and throughout which play there is not the Alimley veil of a fingle moral fentiment! What thall we fay if fuch a play thould be performed by a fett of youths. just starting into manhood, the female characters as well as the male being reprefented by them! What fhall we fay, if fuch a play has been performed at one of our greatest feminaries of education, under the immediate direction of thofe reverend gentlemen to whofe care the morals, as well as the learning, of the rifing generation is entrusted! What hall we fay, if fuch a play has been performed before, and received the plaudits of, our most reverend and right reverend archbishops and bishops! Many of your readers will think am ftarting fuppofitions of what never can have happened—but fuch of them as were prefent at the performance of the laft Weftminster play, or fuch of them as know the Eunuchus of Terence, and that it was performed by the boys of that fchool, muft acknowledge the truth of my remarks. They mutt feel, that, to enlarge on particular paffages, on the ideas which cannot but be fuggefted by the fludy, rehearsals, and repetition of thofe paffages, would be too indelicate for the public eye. 3 Let me then afk thofe to whom we entrust the education of our youth, whether fuch an exhitition is to be excufed by fuch lines as thefe? Forte aliquis quærat, quæ fint exempla Te Cur mores pratat fatula nulla bones. renti, Quid pulchri exhibeat juvenis, meretricis a mator? Will they tell me there is any thing in the play which teaches, I may fay even infinuates, that the vices there exhibited are to be avoided? Will they then coolly reflect on this in their closets without blushing? I confefs 1 cannot think without indignation, that the morals of youth are thus corrupted by their very teachers, thofe teachers Chriftian divines! I fear matters are not much mended at the University, and that fuch things are there required on admiffion as muft ftartle the ingenuous mind, unhackneyed in the ways of men, and to which it can hardly be reconciled by the arts of fophiftry, the weight of authority, and the deference naturally paid to age and experience. That an attempt to releafe our youth from practices fo deftructive to morality as well as religion, fhould be oppofed in this enlightened age, is truly wonderful; but that an attack fhould be made on the memory of the man who dared to folicit that redrefs which ought to have been fpontaneously offered,-the man who flood forth the advocate of the in genuous and unfufpecting mind, ftarting back with horror at the violation of his confcience, and hardly reconciled by the compulfions or evafions fuggefted by thofe to whom he is taught to look up as his directors-that impotent malice fhould be aimed at the dead, is too much! Indeed the memory of Dr. John Jebb (which will always be held dear by thofe who really believe what they profels) has had fuch ample juftice done to it by the fpirited defence of C. L. (whofe name we can be at no lofs for), that it wants not my feeble affiftance. Allow me, however, to bear my teftimony to his merits in this refpect, and to exprefs my hopes that the time will come, when thofe who have the care of the tifing generation will think, that a violation of the facred tye of an oath is a bad introduction to the ftudy of that religion which teaches the ftricteft obfervance of fuch obligation. S. P.S. I have great pleasure in acknowledging the polite and ready attention of Sir John Fenn (LVII. 1104.) to the hint I gave about the additional plates to his work. It is to be lamented that fuch a liberality is not always experienced. Vol. LVII. p. 1119. For Runningham, r. Runnington. P. 1124. Parkyns, M.P. for Uxbridge, muft mean at. It is needlefs to fay, that Uxbridge does not fend Members to Parlia ment. Mr. URBAN, THE Adon, Feb. 14. HE following lines being intended, and, as you may candidly think, a little adapted (in conformity to the annual motto of the prime Magazine) "prodeffe et delectare," hope is entertained that the favour will be granted of your readily admitting them into the Mifcellany for the prefent month. SUNDAY SCHOOLS directly tend to reform the rifing generation of the common people, who generally and perverfely remember the Chriftian Sabbathday, to keep it unholy, confequently mifpend other days, and render themfelves unhappy; whofe perverfenefs and profanation of the Lord's-day are excufed and encouraged by fuch as are older, and fhould know and teach them better. A Sunday School has been lately reeftablished here, in confequence of a li beral and laudable fubfcription, and the activity of the Right Hon. Countess of Rothes and Mrs. Wegge, on the first hint being given, readily uniting, and most "zealously affected in a good thing.-I WAS IN THE SPIRIT, on the LORD'SDAY," in the Ifle of Patmos, faid the exiled and infpired Apoftle. They who "fear God, and honour the King," whefe late proclamation is continually obfervable, will be fo too, and excite others to be fo, viz. then most “fpiritu aliv-minded," or devoted to fpiritual and religious exercifes, and fruits of the Spirit, love [of GOD and our neighbour], joy [in ferving the former, and in the profperity of the latter }, peace, long-fuffering, gentleness, goodnefs, faithfulness, meek nefs, temperance. ·་ filled with the Is it not more defirable to be filled with thefe fruits of the Spirit, than to be fo filled with the fruits of the earth, as to be overcharged with meat and drink, the produce of it, and turned the fooner into it ? How fweet and delicious, yet wholefome and nourishing, how various, yet confiftent, and at all times feafonable, are the former fruits, which fill without cloying, and endure without end! They remind one of, and bear refemblance to, the Tree of Life, which in Eden grew. Such as feed on these fruits fhall live for ever in a Paradife more charming than Eden, and with companions more accomplished and atfectionate than Adam and Eve in the primitive ftate of innocence. If it is pleasant to write or read, and reflect on the graces, how delightful muft the exercife of them be! how glorious and rapturous the future reward for them! What What a fpiritual and "continual feaft" must the refpectable Father and Founder of SUNDAY SCHOOLS, an old acquaintance, Mr. Raikes, enjoy! obferving that the work of piety and cha⚫ rity, which he well and happily firft began at Gloucefter, has in like manner been carried on and continued, by other confiderable perfons, by the very beft, in many, if not moft parts of the kingdom, fo that the Divine Pleasure hath "profpered in his hand!" Meffiah-like (whom we fhould all ftrive to imitate), may he more and more "fee the [bleffed effects of the] travel of his foul, and be fatisfied!" Mr. Raikes was highly fatisfied and luxurioufly entertained laft year at New Brentford, in feeing numbers of poor children fo decent, orderly, and intelligent, religiously educated in his own way, to whom he bountifully prefented Bibles. The worthy Mrs. Trimmer (juftly honoured with royal approbation) affifted by her family, there diligently and fucccfsfully teaches and manages hundreds of them, who make a moft comfortable and creditable appear ance on the Lord's-day in the chapel. Her much efteemed publications may improve and edify thoufands elsewhere. Well might a fellow-labourer, and "the beft parish-priest whom Bifhop Terrick knew," (as his Lordship to a friend de clared) the Reverend Charles Sturgis, Prebendary of St. Paul's, and Vicar of Ealing, in whofe parish and patronage the chapel at New Brentford is, admire Mrs. Trimmer's capacity, diligence, and fuccefs. Let all who have undertaken the good work "be ftedfaft, unmoveable, always abounding in it, knowing that their labour is not in vain." The "fpiritually minded" have been alfo agreeably entertained of late, by reading what was properly published in the daily papers relative to a young perfonage. The feriously difpofed must applaud the piety of, apparent in the religious obfervance of the Lord's-day, by ardently withing increafe of true devotion in, and, for the public good, health and ftability to, the Prime Minifter. Having gone to pay a dutiful regard to "Alma Mater," and converfe with his learned friends and electors in the univerfity of Cambridge, Mr. Pitt regularly attended Divine Service there in the morning and in the afternoon, un-· like " many whofe god is their belly." Is there not a profufion of meat-offerings and drink-offerings to their god? It is recorded of that eminent lawyer, phi lofopher, and divine, Sir Matthew Hale, Knight, Lord Chief Justice of the Court of King's Bench, that during many years, more than thirty, as nearly as can be recollected, he omitted no opportunity of going to his parith-church on the Lord's day, and joining in public worfhip; and that, after the facred service, retiring into his clofet, he wrote those Contemplations on Texts of Scripture which have been published. Some may think it ftrange, and that the gentleman ftooped too low, or demeaned himfelt, in previously accepting a commiffion from the hypocrital and horrid man of Huntingdon, to be a Judge of or in the Court of Common Pleas. Yet, on account of his great abilities and wellknown integrity in other refpects, he was promoted to the higheft place in the other Court, after the Restoration of the conftitution in church and state, which is ftill memorable and praise-worthy, as the murder of the Royal Saint is till fhocking and deplorable; fo that Acts of Parliament, enjoining the 30th of January to be obferved as a faft, and the 29th of May as a feftival, should be more carefully and confcientiously obeyed than usual. May thefe Acts never be repealed, to the diffatisfaction of true Churchmen and loyal subjects, and to the encouragement and triumph of Fanatics and Republicans! Sir Matthew Hale conftantly declined, as perfons of the best quality now duly decline, the abfurdity or troublefome va nity of drinking healths, uncommonly prevalent, and productive of pernicious intemperance, immediately after, and on account of, the Reftoration; which abufe gave occafion for an extraordinary proclamation, long fought for, and at laft found in a large collection of old pro clamations which once belonged to the zealous promoter of the neceffary revolution, the first Lord Somers.-Sir Matthew, when a young man, fecing an alarming inftance of the dire effects of drinking exceffively, vowed never countenance fuch excefs, nor to drink a health fo long as he lived: temptations were refifted, and the vow was prudently and bravely obferved to his dying day. -An old clergyman in the North had fo great a veneration for, as to walk here from York fhire to fee, the houfe of the Lord Chief Juftice, fituated very near the church, and with a fruitful field, grove, and garden, furrounded by. a remarkably high, deeply-founded, and to long |