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20 Rife and Progress of the Veterinarian Art in France.

grefs in the art, placed them for, the winter in Paris, and employed them in diffecting and making anatomical preparations of va rious kinds, which at the opening of the school, ferved as proots of the abilities of the pupils he had trained up. In the mean while apartments were building at the new school, capable of re. ceiving ninety ftudents, with dif fecting room, laboratory, phyfic garden, &c. and hofpitals able to contain one hundred animals, affected with various diseases: the whole of which was com

and the ftudies and interior dif. cipline of the fchool, fhould be regulated by the Director and Inspector General, and by the affiftant Director. With a view to perpetuate this advantage to the army with lefs expence, and to provide a confiant fucceffion of perfons really qualified to ferve as tarriers in the different regiments, a new regulation of February, 1774, confirmed in part that of 1769, but provided, that the military pupils thould be reduced to the number of twenty, and lodged in lefs expenfive quar. pleted in October following. ters, fituated nearer to the school, Since that time, a riding-houfe and that no more fhould be fent has been added, that nothing from the regiments; and the might be omitted, which could commanding officer was ordered contribute to the better inftructo engage journeyman farriers to tion of the pupils; and the place ferve in the heavy and lighthas been adorned with a variety horfe, and to prefent them, preof curious and ufeful animals ferable to all others, to the Difrom different parts; fuch_as rector and Inspector-general; and rams and goats, from Spain, In. the fame regulation appointed the dia, the Cape, Barbary, and An- difcipline by which the military gola; cows from different coun. pupil were to be governed. tries, &c. by which the ftudents With refpect to the other ftudents, are furnished with an opportunity, in order to provide against the not only of knowing the greater obftacles they might encounter parts of the diseases incident to in the provinces where they prothefe different animals, but alfopofed to profefs veterinary medi of making experiments and ob- cine, a decree was iffued, enactfervations capable of extendinging, that all pupils of veterinary veterinary knowledge. For the fame purpose, a flock of fheep, and other domeftic animals are conftantly kept in exhibition.

fchools, who, for the fpace of four years fucceffively, fhould have gone through their regular course of study, fhould be permitted to profefs that art in the places where they might fix their refidence, or wherever elfe they might be occafionally called.

The expences attending this

The interefts of rural life were not alone promoted by this eftab-i lifhment, the different corps of cavalry alfo have repeatedly experienced its benefits. In 1769, each regiment fent a perfon to befchool, under the ancient governinftructed in the fchool, which perfons were quartered in the neighbourhood, and a regulation of the 15th of October of the fame year provided, that the barracks fhould be under the direction of a commanding officer,

ment, including the appointments of the director-general, profeffors, and other officers; ground rents, repairs, and all other contingencies, amounted annually to the fum of 60,000 livres, or 2,500l. fterling. Thefe expences were afterwards

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Rife and Progress of the Veterinarian Art in France. 21

afterwards reduced by the Na-
tional Affembly.

On the first of July, 1790, the
school at Alford confifted of the
following officers:

GOVERNORS.

The Comptroller General of the finance
The Intendant of the finance

DIRECTORS AND PROFESSORS.

Director and Inspector General Affiftant Director, profeffor of anatomy and operations

Profeffor of materia medica, having the care of the difpenfary

Profeffor of the exterior knowledge of animals, &c.

Profeffor, charged with the care of the hospitals

Profeffor, having the care of the forges
A Chaplain and Surgeon

A Commanding Officer, with his corps
A Commander in fecond
A Commiffary

A report was made in the Na. tional Affembly, by their com. mittee of finance, of the fate of the veterinary fchools; and it appeared, in the printed account, that the annual expence of these fchools amounted together to the fum of 72,000 livres, or 3000l. 'fterling.

42,000

In the following detail, the fchool of Lyons is not included. From the year 1765 to 1782, the annual expence of Paris fchool amounted to the fum of 60,000 livres. From 1782 to August 1787, the expences exceeded all bounds, and a debt was contracted exceeding 300,000 livres. Since the year 1787, the ordinary expences were fixed at livres, or nearly 1350l. fterling. It must be observed, that a farm which coft 200,000 livres, above 8oool. fterling, was annexed to the fchool, the produce of which it entirely confumes. It was propofed to the committee to transfer the fchool to Paris, but the propofal was rejected, because the pupils met with fewer avocations, and lefs interrup

ог

tion from their ftudies in their prefent fituation; and because the academical appearance of the place had a tendency to ennoble the ftudies, and to elevate the minds of the young people. The only object now was to fix the expences, and the following eftablishment was decreed:

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Befides the foreign ftudents fupported by the crowned heads above-mentioned, there were feveral from different countries, who ftudied in thefe fchools on their own private account. fays Mr. Arthur Young, "except "From every country in Europe," England, a ftrange exception,confidering how grofsly ignorant our farriers are, and that the whole expences of fupporting a young man here, does not exceed 40 livres a year; nor more than four years neceffary for his complete inftruction*."

But thofe princes were not faftudy in France, they prefently tisfied with fending pupils to ftitutions at home; and, accord. thought of providing fimilar iningly, one was foon afterwards eftablished at Vienna; another in Denmark; others in Sweden, Pruffia, and Piedmont; and one alfo, by his prefent Majefly, in

the electorate of Hanover. We may now add, that England is at length in poffeffion of an estab

Travels in France, p. 67.

lish

22

Extraordinary Sporting Performances.

and

lishment of the fame nature one that, while it does that honour to the nation, which moft of its public inftitutions confer, from being the work of individual exertions, fupported by general opulence and difcernment, appears likely, from its particular conftitution, to render efpecial fervices to the art it protects. Two things, however, it will be effentially neceffary to attend to, in the infant ftate of the inftitu. tion: the one, to give a free and unembarraffed fcope of acting to those who are charged with the arduous task of preparing the elements of a new fcience, and refifting the force of inveterate prejudice; the other, to exclude from the tuition of the youth, all perfons partially, and not fundamentally, verfed in the fcience ; fuch as have a confined and general acquaintance only, either with farriery or furgery: for otherwife, the ftream will be immediately obftructed in its cousfe, the fountain-head of the fcience will be disturbed and obfcured; and thofe very errors and fyftems, which ought by every me. thod to be excluded from the

fchool, will be interwoven with its firft and fundamental principles.

(To be continued.)

EXTRAORDINARY SPORTING

PERFORMANCES. (Continued from Page 188, of Vol. 6.)

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1781, July 4th, a bet of twenty pounds was won, by Mr. James Bryan's Pigeon (a blue pouting horfeman), ying 40 miles in 12 hours. It was toffed eight times 5 miles from London, and each time a different way. A performance unparalleled.

1782, October 11th, Mr. King, horfe-dealer, in Smithfield, rode his bay hackney, Old Will, for a bet of 100l. from Kirkby Morefide, in Yorkshire, to London, (222 miles) in forty-three hours. He was allowed two days and twó hours to perform it in.

1783, July 13th, in a match at cricket, played on Blackheath, between eleven of London and eleven of Kent, Mr. John l'ons, of the London Club, got 197 notches, which was 28 runs more than was fetched by the other twenty-one players united.

1784, September 13th, a poney (11 hands and I inch high, carrying 5ft.) matched, for 100 guineas, to run from Norwich to Yarmouth, and back again, (which is 44 miles) in 4 hours, performed it with confiderable cafe in 3 hours and 45 minutes, which was thought to be the greatest thing ever done by any horfe of his height.

1785, January 6th, John Afhmore, of King's Standal, near Buxton, in Derbyfhire, (then in the fixty-fifth year of his age) undertook, for the trifling wager of a pound of tobacco, to walk on the turn-pike road 5 miles in one hour, which he performed with eafe in 54 minutes.

1786. In the fummer of this year, Mr. Scott's (of Bow) famous EPTEMBER 7th, 1786, Capt. bay mare, at different times, Hoare undertook, for a con- trotted two miles in fix minutes iderable wager, to ride three and a half, walked twenty miles horfes 30 miles, and drink three in four hours, and trotted fifteen bottles of claret, in three hours; miles in fifty-three minutes, carall which he performed with eaferying 15ft. each time. within the limited time.

1787,

Extraordinary Sporting Performances:

23

current against Fox. Marplor being beat the first heat by half a

1787, January 18th, one of the greatest efforts in walking was performed by a fawyer, of Ox-length, bets were inftantly chang

ford, in Port Meadow, near that city. He walked fifty miles in nine hours and a half. At eight in the morning, he started, walked till one, when he dined, and at half after five he won his wager. He was allowed ten hours to do it in, but went over his ground with eafe, in ning hours and a half, and was fo little fatigued with his expedition, that he refufed a carriage, and walked into town, two miles from the field, amid the acclamations of numbers who accompanied him.

February 6th, Mr. Brown, a farmer, at Speldhurst, in Kent, 70 years of age, undertook, for a wager of ten pounds, to walk 35 miles in twelve hours, which he performed with cafe in ten hours and a half. He fet off from the Greyhound, on Lannington Green, in the parish of Spildhurst, at fix in the morning, and walked to London Bridge, where he arrived about half after four in the evening.

May 13th, a cricket match was played at Alfriston, in Suffex, by four men, whose ages added together, amounted to 297 years. The game was played with great fpirit and activity, in the prefence of a great number of Spectators.

May 31ft, at Afcot Heath ra, ces, the sol. plate, for all ages, afforded as much sport, and as great a variety of betting, as was perhaps ever included in the compafs of two heats. The plate was won by the Duke of St. Alban's Fox, beating Mr. Burton's Wheatsheaf, Mr. Tetherington's Marplot, and Mr. Hull's Canta.

tor.

At Starting, Marplot the favourite, 7 to 4 and 2 to 1 against Wheatsheaf, and 5 and 6 to

ed 3 to 1 againft, and 5 to 2 taken, that Wheatsheaf won: who being alfo beat the second heat, by half a length, terminated one of the best races, ever feen upon that courfe. Immenfe fums of money were laid upon this race.

October 2d, at Newmarket, the renewed 1400 guineas fubfcription was won by Lord Derby's Sir Peter, beating Markho, the yellow filly, Wheatsheaf, and feveral others. As Sir Peter was going up to the poft, he plunged and threw his rider; after galloping as far as the Portland ftand, he was caught by a boy, galloped back, and won his race in high form.

December 7th, a very extraordinary circumftance happened at Finching Field, in Effex, where a company of gentlemen were courfing; when a brace of greyhounds, on turning towards a hare, ran against each other, and were both killed on the fpot.

1788, January 22d, a goldlaced hat, given by Capt. Wells, of Holme, was run for in fkaits, on Whittlesea Meer, between the gentlemen of Murch, in the ifle of Ely, and the gentlemen of Croyland, Lincolnshire. The prize was won with ease by the latter. It was computed, that Godwin and Hicklin, of Croyland, skated at the rate of near a mile a minute.

March 31ft, a horfe, the property of Mr. Gardiner, and a mare, the property of Mr. Gee, ftarted from Yarmouth to run to Norwich, for a wager of forty guineas, which was won by th horfe, by about too yards. The distance is twenty-two miles, and they ran it in one hour and twenty minutes. Several hundred

pounds

:

24

Pedigree and Performances of Coriander.

pounds were depending on the decifion of this match.

April 10th, was run at Epfom, by a young man, twenty-five miles, for two hundred guineas. The time allowed him to perform it in, was three hours, which he performed in two hours, fifty-five minutes, and thirteen feconds. He ran the last mile in fix minutes and a quarter. The bets, on this occafion, were to a confiderable amount.

25th, at the annual courfing match for the filver cup, given by the Earl of Oxford, at Houghton Hall, Norfolk, the cup was won by Mr. Froft's Greyhound, of Caftle Rifing, beating ninety-one others.

The hares, for the above courfing match, were caught in boxes, when the males were previously felected, and they were let out one by one for the diverfion. A limited number of greyhounds ftarted for each courfe, and the firft that turned the hare was

deemed the winning dog, although he fhould not kill. At the conclufion of the day, all the winning dogs run together, and that which beat was entitled to the filver cup.

May ift, the following perfons ftarted for the trials on Old Wives Lees, near Canterbury. The first heat between Shrubfole, of Chartham, and Lawrence, of Barham, which was won by Shrubfole; fecond heat, between Barrett, of Rounden, and Gibbs, of Wingham, won by Barrett; third heat, between Shrubfole and Barrett, which was a dead one, as was the fourth; but the fifth heat was won by Shrubfole, who, of course, run at the above place for the annual ten pounds, on the 19th, against Benfon, who won the trials at Sheldwich Lees, and whom he beat with eafe, though

ten to one was laid in favour of
Benfon.

The race between the girls at
the above place, for the annual
ten pounds, was ftrongly conteft-
ed, in three heats, between Sufan
Kemp, of Lower Hardres, and
Mary Parker,
Mary Parker, of Chartham,
which was won by Parker, by
only two feet.

(To be continued.)

To the Editors of the Sporting
Magazine,

A

GENTLEMEN,

S I have fent you sometimes a few trifling articles, which you have commonly inferted in your valuable Magazine, I take following things, which I hope the liberty of fending you the you will infert. I am, gentlemen,

Your conftant reader,

Durham, Sept. 12, 1795.

R. B. S.

THE PEDIGREE AND PERFORMAN

CES OF CORIANDER.

Coriander was foaled in 1786,
got by Pot80's; his dam called
Lavender, by Herod, Snap,
Sweetwilliam's dam by Cade,
(fifter to Twigg) her dam (Ma-
dam) by Bloody Buttocks, Part-
ner, Makelefs, Place's White
Turk, Dodsworth, Layton Barb
mare. In 1789, at Newmarket,
Mr. Daw fon's Coriander, when
three years old, carrying 14ft:
beat Lord Barrymore's Jericho,
14ft. 5lb. D. I. 200gs. (rode by the
owners) and Sir W. Afton's Mar-
cia, 8ft. each. Two yr old
courfe, 100gs.

In 1790, Newmarket first spring
meeting, Coriander, 8ft. 7lb. beat
Mr. Bullock's Buzzard, 3 yrs old,
7ft. two yr old courfe, 100gs. and

in

1

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