Air thermometer, Franklin's construc- tion of an electrical, V. 371. Remarks on the, 389.
ALEMBERT, D', his translation of a Latin verse, applied by Turgot to Franklin, VIII. 537.
ALEXANDER, JAMES, his remarks on Franklin's "Hints towards a Scheme of Union of the Colonies," III. 28. His suggestion of an experiment to meas- ure the time taken up by an electric spark in moving through any given space, V. 315. Franklin's comment thereon, 317.
ALEXANDER, WILLIAM, his certificate respecting Franklin's interview with Mr. Pulteney, VIII. 447. His inter- view with Mr. Hartley, relative to ne- gotiations for peace, IX. 119. His ex- planation relative to the willingness of the American commissioners to treat without the assent of France, 153.
Algerines, their attempt to seize Ameri-
can vessels, IX. 506. Unfounded ru- mor of the capture of Franklin by, X. 230.
ALISON, FRANCIS, VII. 63, 88. Alkaline Air, Priestley's experiments on, VI. 409.
ALLEN, WILLIAM, Chief Justice, VII. 272.
Alliance, employment of the frigate, VIII. 352. Of prizes taken by the, 400. Mutiny on board the, IX. 13. Alphabet, scheme of a new, VI. 295. Table of such an, 296. Remarks on the table, 298. Various examples of the scheme, 300. Of a reform of the, X. 261.
Amber, electrical experiments on, V. 403. Its explosion by electricity, 404. AMBRUSTER, ANTHONY, VII. 169. America, frugal mode of living in, II. 428. Future prospects of the pecu- niary ability of, 430. Its character abroad, relative to the payment of debts, 432. Remarks on the internal state of, 461. Ironical examination of the question respecting payment of the debts of, to British merchants, 499. Popularity of taxing, in England, VII. 352. As to the discovery of, before Columbus, VIII. 69. See United
American Colonies, Plan of Union of the,
III. 23. On the direct taxation of the, without their consent, 58. Sums which they pay the mother country, 62. On their representation in Parliament, 64. Nature of the government of the, 97. On the probability and the effect of their union with the mother country. IV. 156. Their efforts in conducting the wars with the French and Indians, 157. Of the British claim of taxing the, 158. Their disposition towards Great Britain prior to 1763, and since, 169. Their views relative to the pow- er of Parliament to legislate for them, 169. Their capacities for manufactur- ing, 175. Their readiness to grant aids to the crown, 193. Their early system of laws, 217. Extent of the power of Parliament over them, 218. Of their representation in Parliament, 220. Policy of Great Britain relative to trade with them, 225. Mode in which their aids to the crown have been granted, 243. On restrictions imposed on their manufacturing, 251. Cause of their non-consumption agree- ments, 253. A repeal of duties not likely to satisfy them, 262. System of law brought hither by the settlers, 271. Readiness with which they have contributed for the common welfare, 285. Disregard of their rights by Parliament, 286. British policy rela- tive to their establishment, 307. Ad- vantage of establishing, upon the sea- coast, 312. Difficulty in inducing the inhabitants of the middle, to emigrate to the north or south, 360. Of the King's right to quarter troops in the, V. 18. Franklin's proposition relative to granting money to the crown, as a basis of compromise, 20. Not settled at the expense of Great Britain, 84. Nor protected by her, 86. As to the charge, that they refuse to contribute for their own protection, 88. On the equality of voting in Congress, 109. Proceedings of Rhode Island in regard to the plan of Parliament to tax the, VII. 264. Plan of their union with Great Britain, 329. Encroachment of Parliament on their rights, 477. Of the right of Great Britain to tax them, 487. Their independence predicted, 522. Their security lies in their in- creasing strength, VIII. 31. Sugges- tions as to their mode of procuring redress, 62. Plan for their immediate union with Great Britain, 146. Their situation at the close of 1775, 165. Popularity of their cause in Europe, 213. Recommended to them by Con gress to constitute governments, 184. See Plan of Union of the Colonies.
American Medical and Philosophical Register, some account of the, VI. 18. American Philosophical Miscellany, Franklin's scheme of publishing an, VI. 72.
American Philosophical Society, account of the, I. 576, II. 9. Its address to Franklin, on his return from France, V. 138. First suggested by Franklin, and its plan, as proposed by him, VI. 14. Its condition and purposes, 15. How formed, 28. Its establishment alluded to, VII. 455. Efforts of Frank- lin to animate it, X. 90. Count de Campomanes's notice of its Transac- tions, 308.
AMONTONS, his discourse relative to air, as the cause of earthquakes, VI. 7. Anchor, suggestion of a swimming, for vessels, VI. 481. How constructed,
Animal Magnetism, its efficacy doubted, X. 75. Commission in Paris to exam-
ine the subject, 76. ANSTEY, mentioned, X. 276. Anthony Afterwit, letter from, II. 532. Anti-Federalists, their conduct compar- ed with that of the ancient Jews, V. 158.
Antigua, description of a water-spout at, VI. 143. Salubrity of, VII. 59. Apologue by Franklin, II. 168. An- other, showing the conduct of man- kind towards one another, IX. 226. Appalachian Mountains, discovery of sea shells in the, VI. 81. Apparatus, construction of a portable, to demonstrate Franklin's principles of electricity, V. 446. Mode of using it, 447.
Apprentices, general conduct of, VII. 12.
Arabian Tale, II. 193.
Arabs, their treatment of prisoners of war, IV. 66.
ARANDA, Count d', interview of the American commissioners with, VIII. 194. Remarks addressed to, on the proposition of the United States in re- gard to Spain, 212. His interview with Franklin and Jay, respecting a treaty with Spain, IX. 350. Arcana Imperii, remarks on a work en- titled, VIII. 283.
ARENDT, Baron d', recommended to the President of Congress, VIII. 455. ARISTOTLE, his distinction of the differ- ent kinds of earthquakes, VI. 9. Armed Neutrality, its origin, VIII. 463, 466. Completed and proclaimed, 490. Armonica, an ode composed by Metasta- sio, and expressly designed to be ac- companied by the, I. 265. Account of the origin of the, VI. 245. The in-
strument described, 246. Directions for drawing out its tones, 353. ARMSTRONG, his suggestions respect- ing fresh air in fevers, VI. 314. Army, American, their inadequate sup- ply of military stores, VIII. 198. Their operations early in 1777, 206. Of sup plies of arms and clothing for the, from the French court, 422. Their dis- tressed condition, 535. Their con- dition in 1782, IX. 413.
Army, British, their conduct in Ameri- ca, VIII. 416.
Army, French, in America, suggestion that they be furnished with provisions there, VIII. 521.
ARNOLD, BENEDICT, curious impres- sions respecting his personal history, VIII. 304. His treachery, IX. 30. Art of Procuring Pleasant Dreams, II. 171.
Art of Virtue, Franklin's plan of pre- paring a work entitled, I. 115. Ex- plained, VII. 197. Alluded to, 232. Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union, proposed in General Congress, origin of the, and difference from the plan finally adopted, V. 91. Mode of election under, and the powers and duty of Congress, 92. How to be ratified, 95. ARUNDEL, VIII, 169.
Asbestos, a purse made of, VII. 1. ASGILL, Captain, his case alluded to; justice of the proceedings against him, IX. 375.
Assembly of Massachusetts. See Mas-
Atlantic Ocean, conjecture as to the cause why westward voyages across the, are longer than the eastward, VI. 74. This to be attributed to the preva- lence of westerly winds, 77. Attraction, of the law of, between dif- ferent quantities of the electric fluid, V. 386.
AUBERTEUIL, HILLIARD D', his History of the American Revolution mention- ed, IX. 444.
Aurora Borealis, V. 219. Suggestion respecting its cause, 284. Whether it may not be the flashing of electrical fire from positive towards negative clouds, 337. Suppositions and hints towards forming a hypothesis to explain the, VI. 417. Paper by Franklin on the, mentioned, VIII. 327.
Austria, offers to mediate between the belligerents. Her offer declined by France, IX. 3. Declined by England, 89. Her willingness to acknowledge the independence of the United States, 501. Of a commercial treaty with, X. 118, 142.
Automaton Chess-Player, Kempel's BARTRAM, JOHN, his account of a re- mentioned, X. 23.
BACHE, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, VIII. 195. His proficiency in his studies, 372, 375. Again mentioned, X. 3. BACHE, RICHARD, marries Franklin's daughter, VII. 350.
BACHE, SARAH, her exertions to sup- ply the American troops with clothing, VIII. 528. See FRANKLIN, SARAH. BACHE, Professor, his attempt to fix the date of Franklin's observation rel- ative to northeast storms, referred to, VI. 106.
Bagatelle, by Franklin, II. 164. Balloons, remarks on, VI. 452. Those of Charles and Robert, and Montgolfier, 453. On the invention of, X. 13. Ascent of one, 32. Of the means of directing their course, 93. Improve- ments in constructing, 123. Inflated with inflammable air, 146. of ascending in, 187. BALM, Captain, recommended by Frank- lin to Congress, VIII. 195. Baltimore, rapid growth of, VII. 519. BANCROFT, EDWARD, his account of Franklin's demeanor before the Privy Council, IV. 453. And of his dress when signing the treaty with France, 454. Mentioned, VIII. 266, IX. 525. Bank of the United States, its success,
markable Aurora Borealis, VI. 211. His character, VII.55, 88. Some par- ticulars respecting him, 433. Of the publication of his "Travels and Obser- vations," 446. His pension, 534. BASKERVILLE, JOHN, account of his printing, VII. 212. Franklin's cpin- ion of his skill, 213.
BATH, Earl of, his Letter to Two Great Men on the subject of Canada, alluded to, IV. 1.
Bathing, cold, not injurious, VI. 58. Bavaria, Electorate of, on establishing commercial relations between the United States and the, IX. 526, 543. BAXTER, ANDREW, his "Inquiry into the Nature of the Human Soul," VI. 87. His doctrine examined, 88. His book again referred to, 93. BEAUMARCHAIS, CARON DE, mentioned, VIII. 289. His contract for supplies for the United States, 294. Of his accounts, 385. His delay in settling his accounts, IX. 390. His Figaro mentioned, X. 162. Advance of a million of livres by the French Gov- ernment to, 287.
BEAUMONT, his Reflexions d'un Etranger désintéressé, alluded to, VII. 470. BECCARIA, JOHN BAPTIST, of his work on electricity, V. 355. Franklin's view of it, 356. His experiment of the explosion of water, 393. Paper by, containing an account of electri- cal experiments, 505. Notice of his work on electricity, VII. 84. BECKFORD, allusion to his bill for pre- venting bribery at elections, VII. 384. BECKWITH, General, his plan of join- ing the American army discouraged, VIII. 348.
Bedford Party, their hostility to the Americans, VII. 467.
BELL, his account of the hospitality of the Daggestans, IV. 66. Bells, superstitious notion respecting, during thunder-storms, V. 422. BELTON, JOSEPH, his contrivance for destroying the vessels of an enemy, mentioned, VIII. 185.
Benefits, motives with which they should be conferred, VII. 74. BENEZET, ANTHONY, VIII. 16. BENTINCK, Captain, his experiment to show the efficacy of oil in stilling waves, VI. 365.
BERGMANN, Professor, his remarks on one of Franklin's electrical experi- ments, V. 513.
BERNARD, FRANCIS, Governor, his of ficial communication to the Houses of Assembly in Massachusetts, IV. 466. His acknowledgment relative to the
conduct of the Assembly after the re- peal of the stamp act, 476. His pro- ceedings in regard to quartering the troops, 491. Rejection of the petition for his removal, 493. His conduct as Governor of Massachusetts, VII. 365. His proceeding in regard to a separ- ation of the eastern townships from Massachusetts, VIII. 66.
BERNOUILLI, his suggestion of a mov- ing power for boats, VI. 478. BERNSTORFF, his communication to Franklin on the seizure of American prizes in Norway, VIII. 433. BEVAN, SYLVANUS, his bust of William Penn, VII. 190.
Bible, Proposed New Version of the, II. 166.
Bills of Credit, their convenience and utility in commerce, II. 266. Of those issued upon landed security, 268. Bills of Exchange, American, correction of erroneous impressions respecting, IX. 55.
BINGHAM, WILLIAM, his complaint of Franklin's refusing his drafts, VIII. 460.
Bipontine Edition of the classics, men- tioned, IX. 126.
Birmingham, visit of Franklin to, VII. 180.
Bishops, first consecration of in Ameri- ca, II. 116. Sketch of the trial of the seven, for libel, 298. On the appoint- ment of, for America, VII. 437. Or- dination of American, X. 109. Blackbirds, effect of destroying, in New England, VII. 67.
Black Prince, privateer, exploits of the, VIII. 390, 402.
Blackrie's Solvent, a remedy for the stone, X. 163.
Blacks, plan for improving the condition of the free, II. 513.
BLACKWELL, JOHN, his appointment and conduct as deputy Governor of Pennsylvania, III. 129. His address to the Assembly, 130. Their reply, 131. BLOME, complains of an outrage by American vessels on the coast of Nor- way, IX. 157.
Blood, remarks on its motion in the heart, VI. 68. On the circulation of the, 70. Conjecture as to the cause of its heat in healthy persons, 97. Its use in respiration, VIII. 172. Board of Trade, reasons assigned in their report, in favor of restraining the issues of paper money, II. 341. Those reasons examined, 342. Their agency in regard to the laws of Pennsylvania, VII. 250.
Boats, various modes suggested for giving motion to, VI. 478.
Body, suggestion of the existence of imbibing pores in the human, VI. 233. BOERHAAVE, his remark on the danger of exposure to a draught of air, VI.
42. Book of Common Prayer, Franklin's abridgment of the, X. 207.
Books, description of an instrument for taking them from shelves, VI. 562. High price of, X. 161.
Boroughs, expediency of disfranchising the small English, II. 491. BoscoVICH, his account of a whirlwind at Rome, VI. 149.
Boston, proceedings of the town of, in 1772, IV. 381. Vote of the inhabitants of, relative to disorders, in 1765, 471. Seizure of a vessel of war and im- pressment of seamen in, 481. Petition to the Governor on this subject, 482. British troops sent to, and quartered in, 483. Iis inhabitants summon a convention of deputies from the other towns, 484. Massacre of the 5th of March, and removal of the troops from, 486. Address of the House of Lords to the King relative to proceed- ings in, 489; and the King's reply, 490. Narrative of the inhabitants of, respecting the conduct of Governor Bernard, 491. Arrival of the tea in, in 1773, 506. Deaths in, by inocula- tion, VI. 118. Resolutions adopted in, relative to non-importation and manufactures, VII. 371. Their effect in England, 376, 387. Arrival of for- eign troops in, 418. Committee of, transmit a correspondence to Frank- lin, 459. Military preparations in, in 1774, VIII. 135. General Gage's treachery in, 157.
Boston Port-Bill, its objectionable char- acter, VIII. 123.
Boundaries of the United States, sugges tion respecting them as a condition of peace, IX. 129. See Peace. Bounties, general expediency of, II. 402. Remarks respecting those on grain, 405.
BOUQUET, HENRY, Colonel, his account of Franklin's services in the French war, VII. 260. Sketch of the military services of, 261.
BowDOIN, JAMES, account of, V. 255. His observations on the crooked di- rection of lightning, 263. Objections to the hypothesis, that the sea is the source of lightning, 263. His obser- vation of the effect of lightning on the compass, 277. His observations on the electricity of the clouds, 279. His account of preparations made in Boston to observe the transit of Mer- cury, VI. 161. His theory with re-
spect to the light in sea-water, 190. His remarks on the method of furnish- ing supplies to the Indians, VII. 78. Bows and Arrows, their utility in war, VIII. 170.
BOYLE, on the exposure of the Russians to the extremes of heat and cold, VI. 59. BRADDOCK, EDWARD, General, is aided by Franklin in procuring horses and wagons for the army, I. 184. His character, 189. Defects as a general, 190. His call on the Governor of Pennsylvania for supplies of provi- sions under convoy, III. 357. His letter requested of the Governor by the Assembly, 358. His instructions quoted, relative to the Six Nations, IV. 328.
BRADFORD, ANDREW, the printer, visit- ed by Franklin in Philadelphia, I. 35. Becomes Publisher of the Weekly Mercury, the first newspaper printed in Pennsylvania, II. 13.
BRAY, THOMAS, his benevolent charac- ter, VII. 202.
Brescia, explosion of the powder-maga- zine at, alluded to, V. 432.
Breviate, Mr. Hartley's, laid before the British ministers, IX. 216.
Bribery, at elections in England, VII. 398.
BRIENNE, Archbishop of Toulouse, his character as a minister, X. 316. BRILLON, Madame de, VIII. 473. British Army, their conduct in Ameri- ca, VIII. 422.
BROGLIE, Prince de, introduced to Washington, IX. 199. To Mr. Liv- ingston, 201. To Robert Morris, 203. Brotherly Love, Franklin's parable on, II. 123.
BUCHAN, Earl of, inquires of Franklin respecting the expediency of emi- gration from Scotland to the United States, IX. 486.
BUFFON, M. de, his experiments in electricity, V. 176. His complimentary letter to Franklin, X. 312.
BURGH, his death and character, IX. 231.
BURGOYNE, General, of his exchange for Colonel Laurens, IX. 84. BURKE, EDMUND, remarks on the Letter to Two Great Men ascribed by some to, IV. 1. Examination of the com- mercial principles of the late negotia- tion between Great Britain and France in 1761, attributed to, 2. His speeches quoted, 262, 266. His kindness to Mr. Laurens, IX. 84.
BURNET, Governor, his controversy with the Assembly of Massachusetts, I. 86.
Busy-Body, written by Franklin, I. 84. Origin of the, II. 13.
BYLES, MATHER, his complimentary letter to Franklin, X. 303.
Cables of vessels, construction of, VI. 468.
CALEF, Captain, his agency in regard to the proposed separation of the east- ern townships from Massachusetts, VIII. 66.
CALVET, PIERRE DU, his claims on the United States, X. 30.
Cambridge, Franklin visits the English University of, VII. 177.
CAMPOMANES, Count de, his character, X. 98. His laudable efforts to promote intelligence and industry in Spain, 99. His remarks on Franklin's writ- ings, 114. And discoveries, 115. Canada, sums voted by the Assembly of Pennsylvania for an expedition against, III. 212. Interest of Great Britain, considered in reference to the acquisition of, IV. 1. Benefits which would result from the cession of, by France, 10. Its possession a sufficient safeguard against the French and In- dians, 11. Easily peopled, without draining England of her population, 48. Proposition for granting a free government to, V. 21. Importance of, to England, VII. 193. Commissioners to, appointed by Congress, VIII. 178. Offered by Great Britain to France, to induce her to treat, IX. 210. Its surrender suggested by Franklin to Mr. Oswald, 251.
CANASSETEGO, an Indian chief, anecdote of, II. 458.
Cancer, pokeweed a remedy for, V. 287. CANTON, JOHN, his experiment of draw- ing the electric fluid from the clouds, V. 297. Experiments by Franklin in pursuance of those of, 346. Notice of, VI. 256.
Cantoon Stone, its quality of absorbing water, VI. 321.
Cape Breton, humorous remarks on the expedition against, VII. 16. Of the engineers employed against, 28. Capital Punishment, objections to the infliction of, II. 479.
CARLETON, SIR GUY, General, his con- duct at the evacuation of New York by the British, II. 504. His attempt to open a negotiation in the United States, IX. 222, 346, 348, 349. Com- municates with Washington, 380. CARMARTHEN, Lord, complains of al- leged defects of form in the ratification of the treaty of peace, X. 95.
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