honor." The true sportsman has a fine sense of honor. The rules are the terms of his agreement with his opponent, and he keeps them by his own choice. He does not care enough about the win to be willing to win by fraud. Nor does he care to play with one who enjoys winning by foul play. When entered in a game with such an one, he plays it through, keeping himself restrained within the laws of sportsmanship. He does not stop to make a scene. Others beside himself can see the fouls and fraud. If he loses the win, he keeps his reputation for skill and sportsmanship, while his opponent has nothing on which to base his brag,-not even self-respect. The true sportsman plays his game with shrewdness, takes every fair advantage, but makes it a matter of personal honor to keep this law of sport.

Law 3. "Be courteous and friendly in your sport." This is a law most boys will find it hard to keep. Take such a case as this: The boys are tossing up the bat for choice of innings in baseball. One claims his hand is last, the other that he can crowd his hand again on top. Here they stand and wrangle. Many a time they end in blows and the disgusting spectacle of a fight. Learn to keep your temper no matter what may happen in a game. A protest can be made with courtesy, and arguments as to what is and what is not within the rules can go on without a show of anger. The one who talks the loudest is not always right, indeed he is likely to be wrong. The one who knows his rules can keep his self-control, and quote them in a courteous manner, or show them in the book.

Before the game is on, and later in all discussion of its points, your treatment of your opponents must be courteous and friendly. If they have not your respect and friendship, it is hardly worth your while to play a game at all.

Law. 4. "A sportsman must have courage, a coward is not worthy of the name." In every game there are dangers sometimes serious as in polo, sometimes trifling. The sportsman plays with caution, but he accepts the dangers of the game, and plays it with full courage. The rules are drawn to reduce these dangers within reason, and revised when this is not at first accomplished. Within these rules the game of sportsmen is as hard as they can make it. A sportsman asks no namby-pamby play from his opponent. He intends to earn his laurels, and his courage strengthens in a losing game. It is part of the discipline of sport to keep your nerve. When fear enters the heart of an athlete, his muscles lose their strength. You can see how fear unnerves a boy when he holds his hands to catch his ball, but is afraid lest it sting and pound too hard. He must outgrow fear, and get his nerve, to be a sportsman.

Law 5. "The umpire shall decide the play." An umpire to be satisfactory must be both intelligent and just. Usually in a close decision the umpire is correct against the judgment of any player or any spectator in the crowd. He is close at hand to see. On the whole it is the proper thing to doubt your adverse judgment, and to accept

the umpire's as correct, playing the game without dispute. You can properly call in question some misinterpretation of the rules, and argue on that kind of difference of opinion: but the umpire is sole judge of such a fact as whether a man is out at first or not, and a sportsman does not argue on a point like that.

To make a charge of unfair umpiring merely as an excuse for a losing game is most unsportsmanlike.

When an umpire is manifestly unfair or unreliable, unless your opponents also think this and desire a change, there is nothing left for you to do but to play the game as sportsmen. A partisan umpire is a disgrace to those he favors. Others beside the players can see the fact of his unfairness, and those who win by reason of it have no honor from their game. Before the game, both sides should agree on one as umpire in whom they have perfect confidence. When once the game is on, then play it through on his decisions. These wrangles with the umpire are most unsportsmanlike. The umpire shall decide the play.

Law 6. "Honor for the victors, but no derision for the vanquished." No sportsman wishes to detract from the joys of victory. Let the thrill of victory go through and through you, but remember to bear your honors like a gentleman, and have consideration for those disappointed by defeat. If your victory is worthy of rejoicing, your opponents were worthy as contestants, and are deserving of continued courtesy. Have your celebration on your home grounds after the vanquished have withdrawn, and if you win on their field, wait until you are out of town before you explode in honor of yourselves. If they win on your field, congratulate them on their game, and see them off with honor and good feeling. This is the fellowship of sportsmen.

Law 7. "The true sportsman is a good loser in his games." Since games are all for sport, one does not wish to make an enemy by winning in a game, and yet each side must play to win, else the game is childish in the extreme. You must not let defeat upset your feeling of personal good will toward your opponents. When you entered on the game, you took the chances of your defeat; now accept the outcome as a sportsman should. Hide your disappointment, and congratulate the men who win. To withhold the honors that belong to them is dishonorable. You must not do that sort of thing. A vanquished sportsman admires the superior skill of his opponents, and loses in a sportsman's way.

Law. 8. "True sportsmen may have pride in their success, but not conceit."

A quiet, modest pride in one's success, a consciousness of the rights that honors fairly won bestow on him who wins them, this is entirely proper and reasonable. But conceit and brag are quite intolerable. they show a head that is weak in right good sense, in contrast with one's ability as an athlete. And after all it is brains and heart the

sportsman is made of. His muscles are but the machine he uses, which must not seem to him too seriously important outside the field of sport.

Be an amateur in sport, and keep alive thereby in every fibre of your body, from boyhood to manhood and old age. Your health and spirits will profit by the exercise. And keep the eight great laws of sport.

NOTE. The thanks of the Editors and Publishers are especially due to Mr. J. E. Sullivan, the President of The Amateur Athletic Union and of The American Sports Publishing Co., who has kindly allowed them to use the authorized rules, terms employed, and descriptions of the various Sports and Games which are contained in the excellent and well-known "Athletic Library" published by them.

SPORTS, PASTIMES, AND PHYSICAL

TRAINING.

AR

SPORTS AND PASTIMES.

ARCHERY.

BY

LOUIS W. MAXSON, N. A. A. CHAMPION, 1889-1898.

S a healthful recreation for both sexes archery is unexcelled by any other sport. Frequent practice in the open air, and the application of needed strength and skill invigorate both body and mind. Simple as it seems to the inexperienced observer, no game requires a closer application of every mental and physical quality of the player, if he desires to excel.

As interest in a pastime depends largely on the skill one attains, the archer should be careful in all things. The American championship has on several occasions been won by a single arrow. Many little details conduce to good form in archery. These, through constant care in practice, become intuitive, while strengthened muscles, quickened intellect, and sharpened vision lend their aid to perfect marksmanship.

Let no ambitious archer injure himself by overstraining his muscles, for what he gains in power he more than loses in accuracy of aim and sharpness of loose. Let him begin with a bow well within his strength, seeking accuracy through much practice. Exercise will so invigorate his muscles that the strength of the drawing arm will soon accommodate itself to a stronger weapon.

Enjoyment of any pastime depends on pleasant companionship, environment, and good-natured rivalry. These one finds in archery as in few other forms of recreation. The grassy range, pure air, and sunshine invigorate, while the adaptability of the game to all ages permits the participation of family and friends on a common footing. As a provider of food in peace and a deadly weapon in war, the bow antedates historical times. History and tradition are full of its romance, a story of surpassing interest, of love and hate, of peace and war, out of all of which has been evolved this most enjoyable recreation.