appear at St Stephen's, where the heart and the tongue fo often difagree. Government, willing to fpread fo useful an invention, gave Sir Thomas 14,000l. to fuffer the trade to be open, and a model of the works taken; which was for many years deposited in the Tower, and confidered the greatest curiofity there. A mill was immediately erected at Stockport, in Chefhire, which drew many of the hands from that of Derby, and, among others, that of Na thanial Gartrevalli, the remaining Italian, who, fixteen years before, came over with John Lombe: him I perfonally knew; he ended his days in poverty; the frequent reward of the the man who ventures his life in a bafe caufe, or betrays his country.--Since then, eleven mills have been erected in Derby, and the filk is now the ftaple trade of the place : more than a thoufand hands are faid to be employed in the various works, but they are all upon a diminutive fcale compared with this. Abridged Review of New Publications. 7. Various Tracts concerning the Peerage of Scotland; collected from the Public Records, Original Inftruments, and Authentic Manufcripts; to which is annexed, an Appendix, containing many Original Papers; and, among others, an authentic Account of the Foundation of the Principality of Scotland; with the Diplo mas of fundry of the Nobility, particularly of thofe Peers whofe Votes were objected to at the last General Election. pp. 164. 419. burgh, printed for the Author, and fold by Watfon, Elder, and Co. J. Murray, London. 1791. THE Edin HE following pages, the author tells es, contain much curious matter refpecting the nobility of Scotland,of highauthorityand great moment. The years 1320 and 1606 were the most memorable aras in the whole annals of the Scotch peerage; the 1320 for the glorious fruggle they made for their independency, which is fufficiently explained in their letter to the Pope. The 1606 was replete with the proceedings which took place before the commiffioners authorised by King James VI. concerning the precedency of the nobility, fufficiently explained in the preamble of the De creet of Ranking. Thofe proceed. ings are now fubmitted to the public, printed from an authentic copy of a manufcript collection depofited in the library of the Faculty of Advocates, written by Sir James Balfour, of Denmiln, Lord Lyon King at arms to Charles I. What the editor apprehends fhould enhance the value of this publication, is, that the privy council records for the 1606, from wheace`. thofe proceedings were collected, are now lof. The fecond part contains memorials out of the un rinted books of parliament, which were co lected by the fame learned autiquary about the year 1610; a period when our records were much more perfe&t than they now are. Part third is certified by a late Lard Clerk Register; and the appendix is taken from original inftruments, from papers written by Sir Lewis Stewart, advocate to King Charles I. and by the late George Chalmers, writer to the fignet; both of whom were men of diftinguished abilities, and are well known to the learned. The diplomas were excerpted from the records, by a late under-keeper thereof, about thirty years ago. The editor hopes that it will be no unacceptable nacceptable piece of information to the public, to lay before them the report given by the Lords of Council and Seffion in 1740 to the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, refpecting the and the ftate of the public repeerage cords of the kingdom of Scotland. Their Lordships reported thus: They prefume humbly to inform your Lordhips, that, through various accidents, the ftate of their records, particularly of their most ancient, is imperfect; for, not to mention other misfortunes, it appears by an examination to be found among the records of parliament Sth January, 1661, that of the regifters, which having been carried to England during the ufurpation of Cromwell, were bringing back from London, after the reltoration, by fea, eighty-five hogfheads were, in a ftorm, fhifted out of the frigate the Eagle into another vessel, which funk with thefe records at fea; and ten hogfheads more of the records, brought down from London at that time, lie ftill unopened in the General Register Houfe, through fome neglect of the officers to whofe charge they were committed, that cannot well be accounted for; fo that, upon this feparate account, your lordfhips will perceive a fearch into the ancient records cannot give reafonable fatisfaction. In addition to what their lordflips have reported, the editor can, with much certainty add, that the rolls of parliament, from 2d December, 1673, to 28th July, 1681, are loit, he being in poffeffion of a certificate to this purpofe. Under thefe imperfections and chaims in our records, the editor humbly fubmits the propriety of the prefent publication. For, to the leaft informed mind, even a copy of a copy taken from a record which does not now exift, or is now in an imperfect ftate, is of moment. The contents of this work are: De Jure Prelationis Nobilium Scotia, in three parts. Part firft contains the whole production, &c. made by the noblemen in 1656, &c. collected from the records by Sir James Balfour, of Denmin, Knight, Lord Lyon King at Arms. The Decreet pronounced by the commiflioners in 1606, commonly called the decreet of ranking. Part fecond, memorials extracted out of unprinted books and acts of parliament, collected alfo by Sir James Balfour, anno, 1610. Part third. Certificate concerning rolls of parliament. The appendix contains a letter from the nobility of Scotland to Pope John in anno 1320, tranflated into English. The foundation charter of the principality and ftewartry of Scotland, by. Robert III. Another charter by King Robert, in anno 1405. Memorial concerning the principality, written in 1752, including the cafe of the duchy of Cornwall. Ad of parliament an nexing the lands of Drumcoll, and others to the principality, extracted from the collections of Sir Lewis Stewart, advocate to King Charles I. Decreet at the inftance of King James IV. aguuft John, Lord Carlile, anno 14S8. Act of parliament, fhewing that the principality was erected before 1489. Acts of parliament, fhewing that the king's eldest fun was called prince. Abtract charter of King. George I. creating his eldeft fon, George Prince of Wales, and Earl of Chetter, anno 1714. Abftract of charter by King George II. creating his grandfon (King George III.) Prince of Wales, aud Earl of Chefter. Contract of marriage between Mary Queen of Scotland, and Janies Duke of Orkney, Earl of Bothwell, &c. Letter from Queen Mary to the Laird of Smciton, 1568. The diplomas of the nobility, viz. the Duke of Queenfbury. &c. Earl of Marchmont, &c. Lord Belhaven, Lord Naiper, Newark, Lindores, Dunbar, London, Sinclair, Ochiltree, and Caithhefs; and, laftly, the union roll, An 2. An impartial Account of the conduct of the Excife towards the Brew eries in Scotland, particularly in Edinburgh.8vo. No Publisher's name. THIS is a violent attack on the principal officers of Excife in Scotland. It accufes them of betraying their trust, of confulting their own private intereft at the expence, of the public revenue, of partiality to the fraudulent and rigour to the fair tra der. From the intemperate and abufive nature of this publication, joined to the circumftance of its being anonymous, we are precluded from any expectation of hearing the other fide of the question. It is natural to imagine, that men charged with the execution and inforcement of fevere and ungracious, though neceffury laws, will not cafily efcape cenfure; the odiam excited by these laws in the perfons fubject to them, will, by an eafy tranfition, be imputed to those who watch over their execution; and the charge of rigour and partiality, which every one is prone to make when he himself is co cerned, will always be applied to officers of the Revenue in proportion to the zeal with which they do their duty to the public. Accordingly, in this pamphlet, the perfons attacked are not only made answerable for the feserity of the Excife laws, but for opinions of King's Coupfel, and decisions of Judges. With regard to the fubject of this impartial account, it is ftill more prudent to be cautious in forming a judgment. The candid will always be prepoff ffed against a caufe which needs to be fupported by perfonal invective and illiberal infinuation. 3. A Letter from Major Scott to Philip Francis, Efq; pp. 77. 8vo. 25. Debrett, London, 1791. 12 THE object of this letter is to fhew, in a fhort and perfpicuous manner, the abfurdity of all the charges exhibiteḍ against Mr Haftings, and the inconfiltency of his accufers. This the author does by proving, that many of them (particularly the opium contract) had the perfect concurrence of Mr Francis and others, befides the warmeft encomiums of Mr Pitt and Mr Dundas, and the approbation of that houfe which is now become his accufer. It is alfo fhewn, that the plans propofed by Mr Haltings, adopted by Lord Cornwallis, and fanctioned by the Board of Controul, the India Company, and Parliament, have been the means of increafing the Indian revenue in all its branches. It is not long ago fince a more univerfal clamour was raifed against the fame officers by certain perfons engaged in the diftillery. It was faid, that by their ignorance of the Excifet fhews the great difficulties Mr faws, or from wilful malice, they had Haftings had to ftruggle with-the uined the complainers, and had ef- difapprobation expreffed at one part fectually crushed a manufacture which of his conduct refpecting the Rajah was to have enriched the country. A of Tanjore, and which conduct has profecution was raifed against them fince been adopted by, and approved in the Exchequer, the attention of of, in another that the miniftry, who the country was folicited to the pro- are trying him for a variety of fupceedings, damages to the amount of pofed oppreffions, have not, in a fingle one hundred thousand pounds were ex- inftance, altered his fyftem. &c. &c. The The Good Kings a moral Tale.--Tranflated from the German of Wieland. Rex eris, fi recte facies. HE cruel Isfandiar, King of Chechian, Ta little after his acceffion to the throne, refolved to deftroy his brothers and their children. Tifan was the youngest of thefe lift. At the age of feven years he found himself under the care of a Vizier, for whom his father had a particular friendship. Genghis, (this was the name of the Vizier) had a fon of the fame age with Tifan, and the only means of preferving the life of the young Prince, was to deliver his own fon to the murderer whom Isfandiar employed. Genghis had the courage to make fo great a facrifice, and preferred to the life of his own fon the fafcts of one who might afterwards become the father of a whole people. He retired with the young Tifan, who paffed for his fon, to a remote province on the fouthern frontiers of Chechian. He ftopt in a fertile but uncultivated valley, furrounded with mountains and deferts, which feemed to be defined by nature for an afylum to the man who could find his happiness in himself, and to the young thought neceffary, whatever fate might determine concerning him.. If he is deftined to the throne, faid he to himself, the people will blefs the ashes of the honeft Genghis for having formed for them a King who has lived in the habit of confidering men, even of the loweft clafs, as his equals; of expecting nothing from others which they may not in their turn exact from him; of owing his maintenance only to his own labour a King incapable of entertaining the mad idea that millions of men were brought into the world merely to maintain him in a life of idleness, and to put him in a condition of gratifying his every caprice. If fate, on the contrary, fhal referve him for a life of obfcurity, ignorance of his origin will be a bleffing to him. To tell him that he was born for a higher condition of life, would in this laft cafe be cruelty. was Frince who, at fo early an age, had already empowe far from giving him any hint experienced the inconftancy of fortune. In this place Genghis established a fort of colony, by giving liberty to a certain number of flaves of both fexes, whom he had bought for the purpose from the neighhouring Circaflians, on condition of their affifting him to cultivate the deferts. Nature recompenced his attempts by the happieft fuccefs. In a few years the greater part of thofe barren waftes was changed into fertile fields, into gardens and meadows, watered by a thousand rivulets which Genghis and his companions had conducted from the neighbouring mountains. The happy inhabitants lived in abundance of the neceffaries of life, and in that happy indigence of its fuperfluities, which is the wealth of the fage and of him who is ignorant of them. Although all his companions had been his flaves, Genghis arrogated to himfelf no authority over them., Every fpecies of inequality that is not dictated by nature herself, was banished from the cottages of thefe happy mortals. The fathers of families formed a fort of council, which deliberated on the general good, and compofed the little differences that could arife in a fociety fo fmall, fo content, and fo poor. In this little colony was educated as among his equals, the nephew of the greatest and moft voluptuous Monarch of the Eaft, To keep bin ignorant of his birth, Genghis Accordingly, Tifan, while he was feeding his flocks, had no idea that his birth had defigned him for fwaying a fceptre inftead of a crook. The royal blood that ran in his of his I know not what, innate prerogatives over other men, that he, on the contrary, acknowledged as his fuperiors those who could work better than himself, as they were certainly more useful. Often when the good Genghis faw the Prince returning from his rural labour in a coat of the coarfeft ftuff, and his forehead bedewed with sweat, he would laugh inwardly, at the ridiculous impudence of parafites, who would perfuade the great, that there is fome fecret charm in noble blood which communicates an air of grandeur to their perfon and their actions, fomething which diftinguishes them from other men, and which commands involuntary refpect. "Who would say, that yonder young peafant is the son of a King? He is handfome, it is true; his eyes are full of fire; his features indicate a foul glowing with fenfibility and energy; but, except myfelf, no body fees in him any thing but the fon of a peafant, born to labour the ground; he himself is fully convinced that our neigh bour Hyfum is incomparably a much better man than he." From the courfe of life in which his reputed father educated him, the young Tifan loft that delicate complexion of lilies and rofes, and that effeminate air which doubtlefs would have diftinguifhed him from the other children of the earth, had he been bred in a court. But in recompence he gained a. robust and durable constitution, the embrown ed complexion of a man, healthful blood, and lips which he was not obliged to bite in order to give them the colour of coral. Mean time the fage Genghis was far from lofing light of what his adopted fon was deftined to by his birth. Titan had coft him too dear to be trained as a fimple fhepherd. The manner in which the infatuated Isfandiar behaved, made it.more than probable that Tifan would be obliged, before he was prepared for it, to affert his right to the crown. Accordingly, Genghis undertook no lefs a talk than to form the young Tifan, inthe midft of fhepherds and labourers, to become a good prince, without giving him any idea of his defign. Genghis was convinced that goodness of heart without wifdom is no more virtue, than knowledge without virtue is wifdom; be, therefore, endeavoured to elevate the mind of his papil by degrees from the narrow conceptions imp on his foul by furrounding objects, to the fullime ideas of civil fociety, of hitman kind, of nature, of the univerfe, and of its incomprehenfible but adorable Author. At the fame tinte, he endeavoured to cherith in him a tafte for what is beautiful and good; to fofter in him all the fympathetic and henevolent affections, and to confirm them in to habits. The moral perfection of a man, faid Genghis, in performing the duties which nature requires of him, depends on thefe principles being impreffed on his mind, and thefe fentiments on his heart. But it is par, ticularly indifpenfible in the man who is, called to maintain moral order in any part of general fociety. Woe to his fubjects and to himself, if his foul is not affc&ed even to rapture, with the idea of univerfal harmony and happiness; if the rights of humanity are not, in his opinion, as facred and inviolable as his own; if the laws of nature are not engraven in indelible characters on his heart, and made the rule of all his actions. in a word, unhappy are, the people whofe Sove reign would not rather be the best of men, than the most powerful of Princes. Thefe ideas are not the reveries of folitary feculatifts; it is unlucky indeed, if the great and the powerful confider them as fuch. But the nature of things depends not on the opinion of the great like the happinefs or mifery of mankind. If our globe fhall exift in its prefent ftate for fome thousands of years, the history of ages to come will confpire with that of centuries paft, to teach Kings, that every period in which thefe fundamental ideas have been obfcured, or these benevolent principles unacknowledged as the inviolable law of the KING of Kings, has been a period of public mifery, of corruption of manners, of general oppreffion and diforder, a period of calamity to the people, and of danger to the Prince. Thefe principles, and a thoufand other of fimilar import, the young Tifan found engraven on his heart by the hand of nature herfelf; and he had imbibed no prejudices to deftroy their effect. Every thing around him, instead of weakening or extinguifhing, tended but to illuminate and confirm them. He was already eighteen years of age he fore he had the leat idea that it was poffible to think other wife than nature and Genghis dictated; before he knew what want and oppreflion were, or that any one could conceive an idea of artificial happinefs founded on the mifery of others. Genghis had tored his memory with a multitude of beautiful paffages, and maxims, and fentences from the works of the best poets; these paffages were pictures of innocent manners, the effufions of a pure and uncor) upted heart, and the fentences were the laws of nature and of reafon in its purity. The young Prince had now arrived at that age in which Nature, by the developement of the fweetelt and moft powerful of all our fenfations, puts as it were the last hand to the human frame. In rendering man, by the fame means, the inftrument of his own happinets and of the prefervation of his fpecics, the thows him in the molt convincing manner, that fe has fo connected his individual felicity with the general weak that it is impoffible to feparate the one from the other without annihilating them both Love, that marvellous inftinct, which Naturé has formed as the most powerful bond of the particular and general felicity of man, prefents itself. to him under the figure of a celettial genius, deftined to accompany him in his way, through this world, and to ftrew that way with flowers. By Love he ob tains the refpectable names of husband and father. He concenters all his fympathetic inclinations in the love of one woman, who is his other half, and in that of his children, in whom he fees hinfelf rejuvenated and multiplied. Thus he is the founder of dometic focieties, which are the component parts of civil focieties, on the constitution of which the welfare of the ftate fo much depends, that one cannot conceive the blindnefs of thofe Legiflators, who have not refpected, as they ought, this grand infitution of Nature, and drawn from it all the advantages they might. The virtuous, the fage Genghis was acquainted with Nature and honoured it. e faw with pleafure the affection with which the beauty and innocence of a young fhepherdefs, an inhabitant of the valley, had infpired the young. Prince. He was not afraid that he would prevent his adopted fon freins cultivating thofe virtues and exerting thofe talents that were effential to his future profpects He, |