and at so showish a time as the Carnival. You will take, also, particular care to view all those meetings of the government, which strangers are allowed to see; as the Assembly of the Senate, &c.; and likewise, to inform yourself of that peculiar and intricate form of government. There are books that give an account of it, among which, the best is Amelot de la Houssaye: this I would advise you to read previously; it will not only give you a general notion of that constitution, but also furnish you with materials for proper questions and oral informations upon the place, which are always the best. There are likewise many very valuable remains, in sculpture and paintings of the best masters, which deserve your

attention.

I suppose you will be at Vienna as soon as this letter will get thither; and I suppose, too, that I must not direct above one more to you there. After which, my next shall be directed to you at Venice, the only place where a letter will be likely to find you, till you are at Turin; but you may, and I desire that you will write to me, from the several places in your way, from whence the post goes.

I will send you some other letters, for Venice, to Vienna, or to your Banker at Venice; to whom you will, upon your arrival there, send for them: for I will take care to have you so recommended from place to place, that you shall not run through them, as most of your countrymen do, without the advantage of seeing and knowing what best deserves to be seen and known; I mean, the Men and the Man

ners.

God bless you, and make you answer my wishes; I will now say, my hopes! Adieu.

DEAR BOY,

LETTER CXLVI.

I DIRECT this letter to your Banker at Venice, the surest place for you to meet with it, though I suppose it will be there some time before you; for, as your intermediate stay any where else will be but short, and as the post from hence, in this season of Easterly winds, is uncertain, I direct no more letters to Vienna; where I hope both you and Mr. Harte will have received the two letters which I sent you respectively; with a letter of recommendation to Monsieur Capello at Venice, which was enclosed in mine to you. I will suppose too, that the inland post, on your side of the water, has not done you justice; for I received but one single letter from you, and one from Mr. Harte, during your whole stay at Berlin; from whence I hoped for, and expected very particular accounts.

I persuade myself, that the time you stay at Venice, will be properly employed, in seeing all that is to be seen at that extraordinary place; and in conversing with people who can inform you, not of the rareeshows of the town, but of the constitution of the government; for which purpose, I send you the enclosed letters of recommendation from Sir James Gray, the King's Resident at Venice; but who is now in England. These, with mine to Monsieur Capello, will carry you, if you will go, into all the best company at Venice.

But the important point, and the important place, is Turin; for there I propose your staying a considerable time, to pursue your studies, learn your exercises, and form your manners. I own, I am not without my anxiety for the consequence of your stay there;

which must be either very good or very bad. To you it will be entirely a new scene. Wherever you have hitherto been, you have conversed, chiefly, with people wiser and discreeter than yourself; and have been equally out of the way of bad advice or bad example; but, in the Academy at Turin, you will, probably meet with both, considering the variety of young fellows of about your own age; among whom, it is to be expected that some will be dissipated and idle, others vicious and profligate. I will believe, till the contrary appears, that you have sagacity enough to distinguish the good from the bad characters; and both sense and virtue enough to shun the latter, and connect yourself with the former: but, however, for greater security, and for your sake alone, I must acquaint you, that I have sent positive orders to Mr. Harte, to carry you off, instantly, to a place which I have named to him, upon the very first symptom, which he shall discover in you, of Drinking, Gaming, Idleness, or Disobedience to his orders; so that, whether Mr. Harte informs me, or not, of the particulars, I shall be able to judge of your conduct in general, by the time of your stay at Turin. If it is short, I shall know why'; and I promise you, that you shall soon find that I do: but, if Mr. Harte lets you continue there, as long as I propose you should, I shall then be convinced, that you make the proper use of your time; which is the only thing I have to ask of you. year is the most that I propose you should stay at Turin; and that year, if you employ it well, perfects

you.

One

One year more of your late application, with Mr. Harte, will complete your Classical studies. You will be, likewise, master of your exercises in that time; and will have formed yourself so well at that Court, as to be fit to appear advantageously at any other. These will be the happy effects of your year's stay at Turin, if you behave, and apply your

self there as you have done at Leipsig; but, if either ill advice, or ill example, affect and seduce you, you are ruined for ever. I look upon that year as your decisive year of probation; go through it well, and you will be all accomplished, and fixed in my tenderest affection for ever: but, should the contagion of vice or idleness lay hold of you there, your character, your fortune, my hopes, and, consequently, my favour, are all blasted, and you are undone. The more I love you now, from the good opinion that I have of you, the greater will be my indignation, if I should have reason to change it. Hitherto you have had every possible proof of my affection, because you have deserved it: but, when you cease to deserve it, you may expect every possible mark of my resentment. To leave nothing doubtful, upon this important point, I will tell you fairly, beforehand, by what rule I shall judge of your conduct. By Mr. Harte's accounts. He will not, I am sure, nay, I will say more, he cannot be in the wrong with regard to you. He can have no other view but your good; and you will I am sure allow, that he must be a better judge of it than you can possibly be, at your age. While he is satisfied, I shall be so too; but whenever he is dissatisfied with you, I shall be much more so. If he complains, you must be guilty; and I shall not have the least regard for any thing that you may allege in your own defence.

I will now tell you what I expect and insist upon from you at Turin: First, That you pursue your Classical and other studies, every morning, with Mr. Harte, as long, and in whatever manner Mr. Harte shall be pleased to require: Secondly, That you learn, uninterruptedly, your exercises, of riding, dancing, and fencing: Thirdly, That you make yourself master of the Italian language: and lastly, That you pass your evenings in the best company. I also require a strict conformity to the hours and

396

LORD CHESTterfield's letters.

rules of the Academy. If you will but finish your year in this manner at Turin, I have nothing further to ask of you; and I will give you every thing that you can ask of me: you shall after that be entirely your own master; I shall think you safe; shall lay aside all authority over you; and friendship shall be our mutual and only tie. Weigh this I beg of you deliberately, in your own mind; and consider, whether the application, and the degree of restraint, which I require but for one year more, will not be amply repaid by all the advantages, and the perfect liberty, which you will receive at the end of it. Your own good sense will, I am sure, not allow you to hesitate one moment in your choice. God bless you! Adieu.

P. S. Sir James Gray's letters not being yet sent me, as I thought they would, I shall enclose them in my next, which, I believe, will get to Venice as soon as you.

END OF VOL. I.

C. and C. Whittingham, Chiswick.