THE

CONTENTS.

THE HISTORY OF EUROPE.

!

CHA P. I.

Retrospective view of affairs in the Eaft, which led to the late alarming and dan
gerous fituation of the British empire in India. State of the native powers, with
refpect to each other, and to the Eaft India Company. Greatness of the Maratta
empire; and nature of its power, refources, and government. Infant Ram-Ra-
jah depofed, and a government of minifters, called the Paishwaship, fubftituted
in his place. Ragonaut Row being obliged to abandon Poonah and his coun-
try, for the affaffination of his nephew the young Paishwa, flies for refuge to Bom-
bay. Protection afforded to Ragonaut; lays the foundation of all the fubfequent
wars with the Marattas. Treaty of friendship and alliance between the Eaft
India Company and Hyder Ally, concluded at Madras in the year 1769. Re-
fufal to furnish Hyder with the fuccours ftipulated by treaty in his fubfequent
ruinous war with the Marattas, eftranges that prince from the Company, and oc-
cafions his embracing French connections. Treaty concluded at Bombay with
Ragonaut Row. War entered into with the Marattas for his refloration to power.
Iland of Salfette, Baroach, and other places conquered. Treaty of Poonah, by
which Ragonaut is to be given up, and the new conquests are confirmed to the Company.
New fyftems of policy adopted. Ragonaut Row is ftill protected, and various
intrigues entered into for a revolution in the Maratta government in his favour.
New demands to be made upon the court of Poonah, the rejection of which are to
be deemed violations of the late treaty. Strong military force, under Colonel Leslie,
fent across the continent from Bengal. Proceedings of that detachment; Leflic
dies, and is fucceeded by Colonel Goddard. Propofals for a treaty with Mooda-
jee Boola, the Rajah of Berar, for placing him at the head of the Maratta em-
pire. The court of Poonah refufing to comply with the new demands, the British
refident is withdrawn, and the Bombay army landed on the continent, in order to
accompany Ragonaut Row to that capital. The army being furrounded, and all
means of retreat cut off, a capitulation takes place. Moderate terms impofed by
the Marattas in the treaty of Worgaum. Ragonaut Row is given up, and the
· army conducted by a body of Maratta horfe to the fea-coaft, where it embarks for
Bombay
[p. I

CHAP.

CHAP. II.

Situation and conduct of Moodajee Boola, the Rajah of Berar. General God-
dard paffes the Nerbudda with the army, who are liberally supplied with pro-
vifions and neceffaries in the dominions of Berar. Negociation with the Rajah,
who refufes to accede to the conditions held out by the propofed treaty. General
Goddard fets out on his march for Poonah; receives contradictory inftructions on
the way, from the committee appointed to fuperintend the Bombay army; is met

by a minifter from the court of Poonah, who defires his return with the army to

Bengal, in purfuance of the treaty of Worgaum: Goddard refuses to comply, and

directs his courfe to Surat. Prefidency of Bombay difavow the treaty of Wor-

gaum, and thereby expofe the hostages to great apparent danger. New fchemes

adopted for a revolution in the Maratta Government. Supreme council confirm

the conduct of Bombay in difavowing the convention of Worgaum; but empower

Goddard to negociate a treaty upon other terms with the Marattas. Great pre-

parations at the fame time made for war, and a renewal of the negociation with

Moodajee Boola determined. Strong complaints made by the court of Poonah, of

the faithlefs conduct of the Company. Ragobah efcapes from the cuftody of the

Marattas, and fles for refuge to Goddard's camp, which increases the difficulties

of the negociation with the former. Various caufes which led to the confederacy of

the great princes of India for the extermination of the English. Marattas

break off the negociation with Goddard, and conclude a peace and alliance

with Hyder Ally. Treaty of alliance concluded by the fupreme council with

the Ranna of Ghod. Gen. Goddard concludes a treaty with Futty Sing;

takes Ahmedabad, the capital of the Guzerat, by form, and reduces the

whole province. Sindia and Holkar arrive with a Maratta army. Sindia

reftores the gentlemen who were given as boflages at Worgaum. Propofals

by Sindia for an accommodation rejected. General Goddard attacks and

defeats the Maratta army. Capt. Campbell repulfes Sindia, and preferves

bis convoy. Lieut. Walsh furprizes and defeats a large body of Marattas.

Another large body defeated by Major Forbes. Major Popham's fucceffes on

the fide of Bengal; drives the Marattas out of the country of Ghod; and

furprises the fortress of Gualier, which had always been deemed impregnable.

State of affairs in the Carnatic. Treaty with Bazalet Jung for the Gun-

toor Circar, with other transactions, which led to great jealousy, diflike, and

ill-will, on the fide of the Nizam of the Deccan, and of Hyder Ally

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State of affairs on the coaft of Coromandel. Makie taken. Nabob of Arcos.
Strong Indications of Hyder Ally's indifpofition to the government of Ma-
dras, and of bis defigns upon the Carnatic. Neglect of preparation. Dif
fentions in council.
Hyder invades the Carnatic with a great army.
Country ravaged; Conjcveram burnt. Arcot befieged. Gen. Sir Hector
Monro marches with the army from the Mount, in order to form a junction
with Colonel Baillie, and to relieve Arcot. Hyder raifes the fiege, and
places his army in a pofition to prevent the junction. Baillie defeats

Meer

Meer and Tippoo Saib; but Hyder's whole army being in his way, is unable

to proceed on his march. Colonel Fletcher fent with a chofen detachment

to reinforce Baillie. Defperate action between Hyder's army and the

united detachment. Singular gallantry difplayed by that fmall body of men.

Accidental blowing up of their powder, changes the fortune of the day,

and occafions the lofs of the whole corps. Great flaughter; Colonel Fletcher

killed, and Baillie, with a small number of Europeans, taken prisoners.

General Sir Hector Monro retreats to Chingleput, and from thence to Ma-

dras. Deplorable fate of the country, and of the Company's affairs. Gun-

toor circar reftored to Bazalet Fung; and a conciliatory letter fent to the

Nizam. Hyder renews the fiege of Arcot. Takes the city, and afterwards

the fort or citadel. Vigorous measures taken by the Supreme Council for the

relief of the Carnatic. Sir Eyre Coote arrives at Madras with a large fum

of money and a reinforcement of Europeans from Bengal: takes the com

mand of the army. Mr. Whitehill fufpended from his office of Prefident and

Governor
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Sir Eyre Coote's defign of relieving the befieged fortrefes, confirmed by the
opinion of the council of avar and the approbation of the felect committee.
Hyder raifes the fiege of Wandewah, and retires with precipitation, on the
approach of the British army. The other beleaguered places relieved and

Supplied. Dangers arifing from the perfidy of the French at Pondicherry

obviated, by the general's difarming the inhabitants, deftroying their boats,

and removing their magazines from Carangolly. Hyder's fhipping deftroyed

in his own ports by Sir Edward Hughes. Sir Eyre Coote marches to Porto

Novo, to fruftrate the enemy's defign on Tritchinapoli. Hyder's immense

force. Numberlefs difficulties which the English general bad to furmount.

Grand battle on the ft of July. Hyder's vaft hoft, after a very long and

obftinate.engagement, defeated. Hyder retreats towards Arcot, and Tippoo

Saib raises the ficge of Wandewah. English general marches to the north-

ward, and forms a junction with the forces from Bengal. Takes Trepaffore

defeats Hyder, in a bard and difficult conflict, on the 27th of Auguft. De-

feats him a third time on the 27th of September. Succeeding actions, in

which the English army is conflantly victorious. Sir Edward Hughes and

Gen. Sir Hector Monro befiege Negapatam by fea and land. Place furren-

dered upon conditions. The admiral proceeds to the island of Ceylon, and

takes the Dutch forts and fettlement of Trincomale

Retrospective view of affairs in Europe to the close
Second attempt of France upon the island of Jerfey.
lands his troops in the night, and furprises St. Helier
pels the lieutenant governor to fign a capitulation.

[79

of the year 1781.
Baron de Rullecourt
the capital. Com-
Summons Elizabeth
Cafile.

Cafle. Is gallantly attacked in the town by Major Pierfon. French
commander falls, and bis remaining troops furrender prisoners of war.
Major Pierfon unfortunately fain in the inftant of victory. Neceffities of
the inhabitants and garrison of Gibraltar. Extraordinary prices of
provifions and neceffaries. Admiral Darby fails with the grand fleet
and a large convoy to its relief. Spanish fleet retires into Cadiz at the
approach. Gun-boats. Dreadful cannonade and bombardment of the
town and garrifon from the Spanish camp. Town deftroyed, and many
of the inhabitants perish. Convoy from St. Euftatius taken by M. de la
Motte Piquet. Secret expedition, under Commodore Johnstone and Gen.
Meadowes. Fleet attacked in Port Praya Bay by M. de Suffrein. French
repulfed. M. de Suffrein's timely arrival at the Cape of Good Hope,

fruftrates the defign upon that place. Dutch fhips taken by Mr. John-

fone in Saldanha Bay. General Elliot's grand fally from Gibraltar, by

which he deftroys the enemy's batteries and works. Invasion of the island

of Minorca. Combined fleets return from that fervice, to cruize at the

mouth of the Channel. Propofal for attacking Admiral Darby at Torbay,

overruled in a council of war. Enemy, fruftrated in all their views,

retire to their respective ports. State of the war with Holland, in

Europe. Admiral Hyde Parker fails with a small squadron for the pro-

tection of the Baltic trade. Upon his return, falls in with Admiral

Zoutman, with a great Dutch convoy, and a fuperior force. Defperate

engagement on the Dogger-Bank.
Dutch Fleet and convoy return in

great diforder to their own coafts. Hollandia of 68 guns funk. Confe-

quences of the action. Royal vifit to Admiral Parker at the Nore. Ad-

miral Kempenfeldt fails to intercept a great convoy fitted out at Breft,

with troops, flores, and fupplies for the French fleets and armies in the

Eaft and West Indies. Falls in with and takes feveral of the convoy;

but difcovers the enemy to be fo greatly superior in force, that he could

not profecute the defign farther

CHA P. VI.

*[96

State of parties at the meeting of Parliament. Debates on the Speech from the
throne. Addreffes moved in both Hotfes, and amendments propofed and rejected.
Debate refumed on the report of the addrefs from the committee. Motion for
granting a fupply to his Majefly oppofed by Mr. T. Pitt, and after a warm de-
bate carried, on a divifion, in the affirmative. Mr. Burke's motion for a commit
tee of the whole Houfe to inquire into the confifcation and fale of the effects and mer-
chandize taken on the island of St. Euftatious, rejected. Motion by Mr. Huffey
for adding 10,000 feamen to the number moved for by government for the fervice
the year 1782. Sir James Lowther's motion for putting an end to the American
war rejected, after a long debate, by a majority of only 41. Debate on the army
eftimates. Converfation relative to the exchange of prisoners with America. De-
the motion for adjournment. Petition from Mr. Laurens, prefented by

Mr Burke. Recess

Motion of Mr. Fox, for a committee of the whole Houfe, to enquire into
the caufes of the want of fuccefs of his Majefty's naval forces during
the war, and more particularly in the year 1781. Debate on the
ordnance eftimates. Motions by Mr. Barre and Mr. Burke. Mo-
tion for the recommitment of the report negatived. Motion and de-
bate in the Houfe of Lords relative to the execution of Colonel Haynes.
Committee on naval affairs. Refolution of cenfure rejected by a
fmall majority. Motion and debate of the House of Lords on the
intended advancement of Lord George Sackville Germaine to the
peerage. Motion on the fame fubject, after his creation. An ad-
drefs to the King, to put an end to the American war, moved by Ge-
neral Conway, and rejected by a majority of one. Committee of the
lords on the loss of the army at York-town. Refolution against the
American war carried in the House of Commons. Addrefs to the
King. The King's anfwer, and addrefs of thanks. Second refolution
against the American war. Refolutions of cenfure on his Majefty's
minifters moved by Lord John Cavendish, and rejected by a majority
of ten. Motion by Sir John Rous, for withdrawing the confidence
of parliament from his Majesty's minifters, loft by a majority of nine.
Intimation, by Lord North, to the Houfe, of his Majesty's intentions
to change his minifters

CHAP. VIII.

New adminiftration formed under the Marquis of Rockingham. Pub-
lic meafures ftipulated for. Recefs of parliament during the Easter
holidays. Debate on the affairs of Ireland. Meffage from the
King, and addrefs. Addrefs from the parliament of Ireland. Repeal
of the act of the 6th of Geo. I. Addrefs of thanks from the Irish
Houfe of Commons, and vote of feamen. Reward voted for Mr.
Grattan. Farther proceedings in the English parliament. Revenue-
officers and contractors bills pass both Houses. Bill of reform
in the civil lift expenditure. Bill for regulating the office of pay-
mafter-general of the forces. Motion for refcinding the refolution
relative to the Middlefex election carried. Motion by Mr. Wil-
liam Pit, for a committee to enquire into the fate of the reprefenta-
tion in parliament, rejected, upon a divifion. Refolutions refpecting
Exchequer, and other offices. Death of the Marquis of Rocking-
ham. Changes in the miniftry. Debate on the fubject in both
Houfes. Short fate of the proceedings on the Reports of the India
committee. King's fpeech

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