plowing the same ground, if you please, with some lengthy procedure. if we were to have him appear before this committee as a witness, Senator MCKELLAR. I have no objection.

The CHAIRMAN. This letter was just placed on my desk this morning.

The testimony referred to by Senator McKellar, before the Special Committee on un-American Activities, pages 666 to 671, in volume 1033, will be made a part of the record at this point.

(The testimony referred to is marked "Exhibit No. 16" and will be found in the appendix on p. 929.)

The CHAIRMAN. Is Mr. Remine in the room?

Has there been any return on the subpena?

I understand that the sergeant at arms is serving it, and Mr. Remine is on his way.

At this time, I might suggest that my office has received, as has the Atomic Energy Committee office, a great number of personal and crganizational comment on these appointments; some for, some against. The volume is tremendous.

I think it would serve no useful purpose to include every communication, whether by post card, telegram, or otherwise, in this record.

I do believe, however, that it would serve a useful purpose if rep resentative people or groups could have their expressions incorporated in a section of this record. That will require some screening and probably somebody may accuse the committee of leaving out some individual telegram, but it will be a very burdensome task indeed to put every communication into the record, individual or otherwise, that has been received.

I may suggest that they have been coming into my office at the rate of between 40 and 600 communication a day for a great many days. It would take an unreasonable amount of time to incorporate them all in the record. I will therefore ask that if it is agreeable with the committee that the staff undertake to put in communications either from representative groups or from individuals in representative or substantially representative capacities, where they would be assumed to speak for a certain group, in a section of the record.

Now, if the committee thinks all of these should go in

Senator RUSSELL. Mr. Chairman, all of us have had a great deal of mail on this subject. If that was done, it would be, of course, the right of an individual member of the committee to place in that portion of the record any communication addressed to that person that he desires to insert in the record.

The CHAIRMAN. I intended to suggest that any member of the committee that has any communication or communications that he desires to put in the record, will save duplication, if he will merely submit it for checking so that we do not put in two communications which are identical.

Many of us have the same communication from the same group. Senator RUSSELL. I hope the committee staff will screen these very closely, because I see no reason for encumbering the record with thousands of letters, post cards, and telegrams.

The CHAIRMAN. It has been my thought that we would put in the record, the total number of communications we have had with an approximate break-down, as near as we can, as to those who approved and those who disapproved the various appointments, together with a substantial number of representative letters. But if any member of the committee has any communications that he desires to put in, they will be put in the record; and as to the others, we will try to have a representative expression.

(The material referred to above is marked "Correspondence" and will be found in the appendix at p. 937.)

Senator VANDENBERG. Mr. Chairman, on that point. Of course, I entirely agree with what you and Senator Russell have said. I had one telegram this morning from a very distinguished American, which it seemed to me was of unusual significance, which I ought to read into the record.

The telegram is from Owen D. Young who, as we all know, was at one time head of General Electric and is one of our great Americans. Mr. Young voluntarily wires me as follows:

Because of my interest in public utilities, I became acquainted with David Lilienthal nearly 20 years ago. I regarded him as an adversary, and so naturally watched him with a critical eye. Because of my interest in the international problems of this nation, I have also watched Lilienthal's work in the atomic field.

As a result, I wish to say that he is a man of clear vision, of executive ability, of firmness and unquestionable loyalty, and in a unique position to serve effectively in the position for which the President has nominated him.

OWEN D. YOUNG.

Senator MCMAHON. He does not think there is anything soft about him, does he, Senator?

Senator VANDENBERG. Well, the wire speaks for itself.

The CHAIRMAN. I have a communication that reached me yesterday. It is a letter enclosing photostatic copies consisting of a number of sheets of signatures to a petition signed at the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory. I shall read the letter.

It is on the stationery of Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, Post Office Box 1663, Santa Fe, M. Mex., dated the 20th of February 1947, addressed to me, and the message is as follows:

DEAR SENATOR HICKENLOOPER: Enclosed are certified photostat copies of the petition urging the confirmation of Mr. Lilienthal. Asterisks, "(R)" or "(Red)" following the names of certain individuals, indicate the color of badge worn by nonstaff members who, nevertheless, wished to sign the petition. These names were not included in the 80-percent figure.

Although we have received permission from the security office to forward these petitions to you, we request that if you make public use of this material, you do not make public the total number of signatures, but use only the fact that the petition has been signed by approximately 80 percent of the laboratory.

Yours very truly,

E. F. HAMMEL,
R. R. DAVIS,
J. H. HALL,
F. REINES,

Group Leaders in the Los Almos Scientific Laboratory and sponsors of the petition.

Copies were sent to Senator Hatch and Senator Vandenberg.

9807847-51

I shall retain the photostatic copies of the petition, at least until some other action may be taken. The Security Office requests that we not reveal the exact number, and I think I can see a reason for that request.

I will also read the substance of the petition. The petition alleged to have been signed by 80 percent of the personnel of that department is as follows:

The undersigned staff members of the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory believe that the interests of this Nation and of international peace will be best served by prompt Senate confirmation of the President's appointments to the Atomic Energy Commission, with Mr. David Lilienthal as its chairman. This is for the following

reasons:

(1) Responsible people who have had actual contact with this country's work on atomic energy agree that Mr. Lilienthal and the members of the Commission are well equipped both by ability and experience to undertake this important work. By reason of Mr. Lilienthal's long and thorough study of all problems associated with atomic energy which culminated in the Acheson-Lilienthal report on the international control of atomic energy, he will contribute an informed and qualified leadership as chairman of the Domestic Atomic Energy Commission.

(2) During the negotiation of any international agreement, it is necessary that the United States maintain its present position through continued research and development in the realm of atomic energy. This policy provides by its very nature for the continued security of the United States, and in addition strengthens any future international authority, since the United States would then be in a position to contribute to the Authority's role as the best informed agency in this field. Mr. Lilienthal has repeatedly emphasized his support of this view.

(3) The Atomic Energy Act of 1946 provides that atomic energy be controlled by the people of the United States. Mr. Lilienthal, by virtue of his experience, is uniquely suited for the administration of such a public domestic control of atomic energy.

(4) Finally, and most important, it is evident to reopen at this time the debate on the terms of the Atomic Energy Act of 1946 would result in very serious and costly delay in the progress of work on atomic energy in the United States; and to withhold confirmation on the basis of partisan, political consideration would cause dismay and confusion not only among the scientists of the atomic energy laboratories, but also among those countries which look to the United States for stable leadership in this field based upon sound principles. We therefore respectfully urge the immediate and unqualified confirmation by the senate of the President's appointments.

The signatures follow that statement.

Has Mr. Remine come in?

Mr. REMINE. Yes, sir.

The CHAIRMAN. Will you come forward, please?

Do you solemnly swear to tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help you God?

Mr. REMINE. Yes, sir.

TESTIMONY OF J. S. REMINE, KNOXVILLE, TENN. The CHAIRMAN. Will you state your name, your residence, and your occupation?

Mr. REMINE. J. S. Remine, 520 Maynard Avenue, Knoxville, Tenn. The CHAIRMAN. And your occupation?

Mr. REMINE. Well, I deal in livestock and lumber, and just trade. you know. I farm a little, too.

The CHAIRMAN. Now, Mr. Remine, you are here at the request of Senator McKellar, and I therefore suggest that the Senator ask you such questions as he may have in mind.

Senator MCKELLAR. Mr. Remine, how long have you lived in Knox

Mr. REMINE. I have been in the county 33 years. I lived in Knoxville about half the time, or a little more, I guess.

Senator MCKELLAR. Were you in Knoxville in 1937, when you were appointed by Knox County to some position? And will you state what position that was?

Mr. REMINE. Yes, sir. In 1937, I think possibly July or August, though I forget exactly, there were a whole lot of violations going on in the city, and the county court made an appropriation to put some detectives out to see where the trouble was, and so on. And they left it up to the high sheriff, and he employed me, and then I selected some others to help; just to investigate any kind of violations about anything.

Senator MCKELLAR. Well, was your attention called to Communists in the county?

Mr. REMINE. Well, it led to where we just got after Communists. But we wasn't appointed exactly for the purpose of Communists. Anybody that was inviting riots and getting in fights, we would make reports on it. We made reports twice a week there. I don't know just how long I was in, but I was in up in 1938, possibly February-I don't know exactly. That has been 9 or 10 years ago, you see, and I can't remember everything.

The CHAIRMAN. Let us have it quiet, please. It is difficult to hear. Mr. REMINE. I am a little hard of hearing anyhow.

Senator MCKELLAR. Did you find any Communists; and, especially, did you find any with the TVA?

Mr. REMINE. We found a whole lot of Communists in Knoxville, and a whole lot that didn't work for TVA. But we found quite a few that was working for the TVA.

Senator MCKELLAR. Will you look at this, which is a copy of a list which you gave me, and see if those were some of the people that you found as Communists in the TVA? I will have the original here in just a moment.

Mr. REMINE. All right. Most of these in this list worked for the TVA at times. Some of them didn't.

Senator MCKELLAR. Will you read the list and say which ones did and which ones didn't?

Mr. REMINE. Well, you first got John Frantz, and I don't know what position he holds, but he is rated there as a Communist, and he had some kind of a job, and I don't know whether it was with TVA or some other section of the Government, but he was associated with fellows working for the TVA and I have been informed that he married a niece of mine.

Senator KNOWLAND. You have never investigated that?

Mr. REMINE, Well, they used the phone in talking to my wife, and I have some nieces that I hardly see very much. They live 131 miles away from there. My wife was the one who informed me about her marrying this fellow Frantz. I have never seen her since she married him.

Senator RUSSELL. You did not make the match?

Mr. REMINE. No; I didn't care who she married. I wish her well, and all. I understand she is my niece.

Senator MCKELLAR. Will you read the next names?

Mr. REMINE. Henry Hart. Well, Henry and Frantz visited a lot of these. They had headquarters here and there. It was connected mostly with the CIO organization and part of it was nothing in the world but just Communists, and I have seen Frantz and Hart together quite a few times. I have been reading where Hart was staying in his room, but when I found Hart he was over on Oak Street, near Deadrick Avenue, and he stayed over there quite a while. He went in and out of nights.

Senator MCKELLAR. And did you find that that was the meeting place of the Communists?

Mr. REMINE. Well, them two was kind of the head of the Com munists. I never did talk to Frantz. This fellow Hart had rooms everywhere-out on Broadway, in the 900 block, and there was an old lady run a rooming house that she let me and another fellow have a room close to them where we could hear them and see what they was doing. That is where we heard the Communists' talk, right where we could hear it. And this Bernard Borah, now, he was an outspoken Communist. And I don't know. He worked with the TVA a good while. But I noticed in the paper where he resigned to take a job with the CIO. That was published in the papers there.

And the first attempt that he and another bunch got in trouble was down at the Brookside Mills. They had a fight down there, and I had to go down and investigate it and report that, and I found out it was a fight between the mill workers and these picketers, or fellows that was hanging around. There was this Mervin Todd and Bernard Borah and William Marlow and William Remington. They were all in that.

Now, the Brookside Mill-we made reports on that, and of course. I turned all my stuff over to the sheriff, and them reports drifted around and I have not got any of them. I got a part of them back. and the FBI wanted to see some of them. I took them up there and they returned about two-thirds of them and they kept a third. They kept correspondence that I had with Senator Robinson from Little Rock, Ark. He was living at that time, and I got the record of Marlow and Remington and Horace Bryan.

And I sat down and wrote a letter to the sheriff of the county over there and the Attorney General, and the chief of police. I took that letter to our chief of police and asked him to copy it on his letterhead and sign it. Because I says, "You belong to the organization, they might not answer my letters."

And they wrote back and gave a record especially of Horace Bryan. They didn't know so much about Remington and Marlow. But they told how many times he had been in jail there, in 30 days. And he was educated at the Communist school at Fort Smith. And the letter from the Attorney General showed that they had agreed if they signed a contract to leave the State they would dismiss the charges against them. So that was done.

Just a few days later, he was back down there at Knoxville, and we come in contact with them, where they was scrapping around these plants, you know. That is how come we to know his record.

We went over there, and I made a copy of that sheriff's report. the Attorney General's report, and the chief of police's report, and mailed