partnership style or name, of the name of any individual not actually a copartner, is prohibited under a penalty of one hundred dollars for each day, during which the same may be so used.

LOUISIANA. The thirteenth legislature of this state, at its second session, which commenced December 11, 1837, and terminated March 12, 1838, passed one hundred and fifteen acts and resolutions.

Succession. Where a succession is so small, or is so much in debt, that no person will apply for or be willing to accept the curatorship, the judge of probate is authorized to confer the same, without any previous notice, on such person as he may think proper; and the curator, so appointed, is authorized to sell the estate and appropriate the proceeds to the payment of the debts of the deceased, in as summary a manner as possible. No. 7.

Bills of exchange. The rate of damages, to be allowed and paid upon the usual protest for non-acceptance or for non-payment of bills of exchange, drawn or negotiated within the state of Louisiana, is established as follows, viz.: on all bills of exchange drawn on and payable in foreign countries, ten dollars upon the hundred upon the principal sum specified in such bills; on all bills of exchange drawn on and payable in any other state in the United States, five dollars upon the hundred upon the principal sum specified therein.

The damages, above provided, are to be in lieu of interest, charges of protest and all other charges, incurred previous to and at the time of giving notice of non-acceptance or non-payment; but the holder may demand and recover lawful interest upon the aggregate amount of the principal sum specified in the bill, and of the damages thereon, from the time at which notice of protest for non-acceptance or non-payment shall have been given, and payment of such principal sum shall have been demanded.

If the contents of a bill are expressed in the money of account of the United States, the amount of the principal, and of the damages for the non-payment or non-acceptance, are to be ascertained and determined, without any reference to the rate of exchange existing between Louisiana and the place on which the

bill is drawn, at the time of the demand of payment, or notice of non-acceptance or non-payment.

If the contents of a bill are expressed in the money of account or currency of any foreign country, the principal and damages are to be ascertained and determined by the rate of exchange, but whenever the value of such foreign coin is fixed by the laws of the United States, the value so fixed is to prevail.

The following days are to be considered as days of public rest in Louisiana, viz.: the first and eighth of January, the twentysecond of February, the fourth of July, the twenty-fifth of December, Sundays and Good Friday. All bills of exchange and promissory notes are made due and payable on the second day of grace, when the third is a day of public rest, and on the first day of grace, when both the second and third are days of public rest; in computing the delay allowed for giving notice of non-acceptance or non-payment of a bill or note, the days of public rest are not to be counted; and, if the day or two days next succeeding the protest for non-acceptance or non-payment are days of public rest, then the day next following is to be computed as the first day after protest. No. 52.

KENTUCKY. The general assembly of Kentucky, at the December session, 1837, passed four hundred and eighty-four acts, almost all of which are of a private or municipal character, and several joint resolutions.

Sureties. An act "limiting actions against sureties," provides : 1. That sureties, in bonds required by law in certain cases, as on appeal, supersedeas, injunction, &c. shall be discharged from their liability, by the lapse of seven years, after cause of action accrued thereon, without suit being instituted.

2. That sureties in administration and guardian bonds, shall be discharged from their liability, when five years, after the youngest of the legatees or wards have attained full age, shall have elapsed without suit thereon.

3. That sureties in all other written obligations shall be discharged, by the lapse, without suit thereon, of seven years from the accrual of the cause of action. Chap. 742.

Defrauding of creditors. An act, "to provide against fraudulent purchases, and fraudulent sales and conveyances of property, to the prejudice of creditors," gives a remedy in equity: 1, where one purchases any property, with the fraudulent intent of procuring the same without paying therefor; 2, where one sells or disposes of his property, with the fraudulent intent of cheating and defrauding creditors, or of hindering and delaying them in the collection of their debts; and, 3, where a debtor is about to remove his property out of the state, or to dispose of it, with an intent to delay, hinder, or defraud his creditors. Chap. 825.

Common schools. Chap. 898, in forty-one sections, provides for the establishment of a system of common schools.

Limitation of real actions. Chap. 941 provides, that on and after October 1, 1840, no other or longer time shall be allowed, within which to maintain a writ of right or other possessory action, upon the seizin or possession of an ancestor or predecessor, than is allowed for maintaining a real action upon a person's own seizin or possession.

Petit jurors. By chap. 960, the mode of selecting petit jurors by lot is introduced.

OHIO. The following are some of the enactments of the first session of the thirty-sixth general assembly of the state of Ohio, begun Dec. 4, 1837, and terminated March 19, 1838.

Common schools. An act, "for the support and better regulation of common schools, and to create permanently the office of superintendent," provides for the establishment of a school fund, -the appointment of a superintendent,—and the government and regulation of the common schools. This statute contains fortyseven sections. March 7.

Evidence. On the plea of non est factum, offered by the person charged as the obligor or grantor of a deed, or of non assumpsit or nil debet, offered by the person charged as the maker or indorser of any promissory note, or drawer, indorser, or acceptor of any bill of exchange, it shall not be necessary for the plaintiff to prove the execution of the deed, the making of the note, or the drawing or accepting of the bill of exchange, upon which the suit is

brought, or any indorsement thereon, unless the party offering such plea shall make affidavit of the truth thereof, or that any such indorsement was not made as it purports to have been. March 9.

Idiots, lunatics, and insane persons. An act, passed March 9, to provide for the safe keeping of idiots, lunatics, and insane persons, the management of their affairs, &c., consisting of nineteen sections, contains provisions well adapted to the end in view, which appear to be dictated by a liberal and humane spirit, and to correspond with the present state of the knowledge of mental disease. Among other useful provisions, the judge before whom an inquiry is instituted, respecting the mental state of a supposed idiot or lunatic, is directed, with the witnesses named by the complainant, to summon at least two skilful and respectable physicians.

Assignments by insolvent debtors. An act concerning proceedings in chancery, passed March 14, declares, that all assignments of property in trust, which shall be made by debtors to trustees, in contemplation of insolvency, with the design to prefer one or more creditors to the exclusion of others, shall be held to enure to the benefit of all the creditors, in proportion to their respective demands.

Quo warranto. The proceedings, on informations in the nature of quo warranto, are prescribed and regulated by a statute, passed March 17.

Imprisonment for debt is abolished by an act passed March 19, the details of which are too long to be inserted here, but which provide generally, that no person shall be arrested or imprisoned, on any writ or execution, founded on contract (except promises to marry, for moneys collected by any public officer or attorney at law, and for any misconduct or neglect in office, or professional employment) unless it shall be made to appear, first, that the defendant is about to remove his property out of the jurisdiction of the court, with intent to defraud his creditors; or, second, that he is about to convert his property into money, for the purpose of placing it beyond the reach of his creditors; or, third, that he has property or rights in action, which he fraudulently conceals; or, fourth, that he has assigned, removed, or disposed of, or is about

to dispose of his property, with intent to defraud his creditors; or, fifth, that he fraudulently contracted the debt, or incurred the obligation for which the suit is brought.

ILLINOIS. The tenth general assembly of this state, at their session commencing Dec. 5, 1836, and ending March 6, 1837, passed a large number of laws, mostly private or municipal, and several resolutions. Among the statutes of general interest, we observe one in fifty sections," to establish and maintain a general system of internal improvement,"-another, "to amend the several acts in relation to common schools"—and a third, "authorizing suits against persons whose names are unknown, in certain

The same general assembly, at a special session, commencing July 10, and ending July 22, 1837, passed several statutes.

Recording of conveyances. The recording of any deed, &c., in the county where the land is situated, is declared to be notice to subsequent purchasers and creditors, from the time of such recording, though the same is not acknowledged or proved according to the laws of Illinois. July 21.

Every estate in lands,

Words of limitation in conveyances. hereafter to be granted, conveyed or devised, though other words heretofore necessary to transfer an estate of inheritance be not added, shall be deemed a simple estate of inheritance, if a less estate be not limited by express words, or do not appear to have been granted, conveyed, or devised, by construction or operation of law. ($1). July 21.

Contingent remainder. When an estate hath been or shall be conveyed in remainder, to the child, or to the use of the child, of any person to be begotten, such child, born after the decease of the father, shall take the estate in the same manner as if born in the lifetime of the father, although no estate shall have been conveyed to support the contingent remainder after his death. (§ 2). July 21.

MICHIGAN. The legislature of Michigan, at the annual session of 1837, passed one hundred and twenty-six acts and joint resolutions.