Communication in Transdisciplinary Teams

Cover

This volume on communication in transdisciplinary teams is timely for two reasons: the number and size of research teams has increased, and communication is a primary criterion for success in both inter- and trans-disciplinary collaborations. This introduction provides an overview of theory and practice aimed at orienting readers to pertinent literature then previews the chapters that follow. First, though, preliminary definition is in order. Relevant insights are dispersed across literatures on both inter- and trans-disciplinarity, raising the question of how they differ (Klein, 2017).

Interdisciplinarity (ID) integrates information, data, methods, tools, concepts, or theories from two or more disciplines or bodies of knowledge in order to address a complex question, problem, topic, or theme. Solo interdisciplinarians work independently, but communication across boundaries is essential to collaboration.

Transdisciplinarity (TD) transcends disciplinary worldviews by generating overarching synthetic frameworks and, in a connotation that arose in the late 20th century, problem-oriented research that crosses boundaries of academic, public, and private spheres by engaging stakeholders in co-production of knowledge. It also connotes teamwork aimed at generating new conceptual and methodological frameworks.

We combine insights from literatures on inter- and trans-disciplinarity in order to acknowledge parallels between the two concepts. Authors of chapters of this volume differ in their conceptualization and use of the terms, as well as the focus of their research. We preserve their original uses of the two terms but synthesize lessons from both literatures in order to arrive at a more robust understanding of the dynamics of communication in teamwork that transcends knowledge boundaries. In the course of our discussion, we also employ nine related concepts defined in the text box: including pidgin and creole, collaborative interdisciplinary reasoning, communicative action, collaborative communication competence, team climate, socio-cognitive platforms for interdisciplinary collaboration, a cooperation and communication culture, mutual and integrative learning, and knowledge convergence.

 

Inhalt

Transdisciplinary Knowledge Producing Teams Team Processes Knowledge Skills and Competencies
19
Background
20
Features of Transdisciplinary Knowledge Producing Teams TDKPTs
26
Structural Systemic Complexities
36
Interactive Systemic Complexities
40
Viewing Transdisciplinary Learning and Engagement through a Complexity Lens
43
Questions to Further the Discourse
45
What Is Collaborative Interdisciplinary Reasoning? The Heart of Interdisciplinary Team Research
55
Collaborative Interdisciplinary Reasoning
57
P1 The practices of the people here decide what modeling is in our project 64 66
66
Collaborative Interdisciplinary Reasoning Qualified
74
Conclusion
75
Questions to Further the Discourse
76
Communicative Processes in TransSector Transdisciplinary Collaborations
91
Background
92
Social Entrepreneurship and TransSector Transdisciplinary ProblemSolving
93
Understanding the Ecology of the Social Problem
95
Research Methodology
98
Findings and Emerging Theory
102
The Case of SEWA Bank
110
Conclusion
113
Questions to Further the Discourse
115
A New Paradigm for Research Organization Academic Leadership in Transdisciplinary Science Teams
123
Background
124
Conceptualizing Leadership in Transdisciplinary Science
126
Methodology
129
Creating Adaptive Dynamics
132
Enabling Leadership Practices
134
Administrative Leadership and the Management of Transdisciplinary Science
138
Establishing Entanglement and Interdependency in a New Transdisciplinary Environment
139
Conclusion
141
Questions to Further the Discourse
142
Facilitating Innovation in Interdisciplinary Teams The Role of Leaders and Integrative Communication
149
Background
150
Methods
154
Multidisciplinary Breadth of Leader Experience
155
Results
157
Exploring Leader Communication Behaviors
160
Findings
163
Discussion and Conclusion
167

Häufige Begriffe und Wortgruppen

Autoren-Profil (2020)

Gaetano R. Lotrecchiano in an associate professor at the George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC USA where he is the Associate Dean of Innovative and Collaborartive Pedagogy and Director of Doctoral Candidacy in the PhD in Translational Health Sciences Program. Dr. Lotrecchiano’s work is grounded in the field of team science and transdisciplinary theory and education. He is the principal investigator of the Motivation Assessment for Team Readiness Integration and Collaboration (MATRICx). Professor Lotrecchiano is the founding Vice President of the International Society for Systems and Complexity Science for Health (2018-2019) and the President of the International Network for the Science of Team Science (2019-2020). He is the convener of the GW program entitled Creating a Culture of Collaboration at GWU. Dr. Lotrecchiano has a Ph.D in Ethnomusicology from the University of Maryland, College Park, an Ed.D. in Human and Organizational Learning from the George Washington University, an M.A. in Liturgical Studies from the Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, and B.S. in Music Education from West Chester University

Shalini Misra is an Associate Professor in the School of Public and International Affairs at Virginia Tech. Her research focuses on the social, psychological, and cultural implications of the Internet and mobile communication technologies; and the study of the processes and outcomes of transdisciplinary collaborative scientific, training, and action research initiatives. Key themes in her research and writing include: cognitive and health consequences of information overload and multitasking; interpersonal relationships in ubiquitous computing environments; environmental orientations, identity and sense of community in the Digital Age; contextual influences on interdisciplinary collaboration; interdisciplinary education and curriculum development; and evaluation of team science initiatives. Her research has been supported by grants from NSF, NIH, Urban Communication Foundation, Intel Digital Cultures, and the National Academies Keck Futures Initiative. She serves on the Board of Directors of the International Network of the Science of Team Science (INSciTS). She has a Ph.D. in Planning, Policy, and Design from University of California Irvine, an M.S. in Sustainable Resource Management (Technical University of Munich, Germany) and a B.S. in Civil Engineering (Gujarat University, India).


 

Julie Thompson Klein is Professor of Humanities Emerita in the English Department at Wayne State University and an Affiliate of the TdLab at the ETH-Zurich university for science and technology in Switzerland. Klein is past president of AIS and former editor of Issues in Interdisciplinary Studies. Her books include Interdisciplinarity (l990), Interdisciplinary Studies Today (co-edited 1994), Crossing Boundaries (1996), Transdisciplinarity (co-edited 2001), Interdisciplinary Education in K-12 and College (edited 2002), Mapping Interdisciplinary Studies (1999), Humanities, Culture, and Interdisciplinarity (2005), Creating Interdisciplinary Campus Cultures (2010), and Interdisciplining Digital Humanities (2015). She was also Associate Editor of The Oxford Handbook on Interdisciplinarity (2010, 2017). Klein has received numerous honors, including the Kenneth Boulding Award for outstanding scholarship on interdisciplinarity. Klein consults on interdisciplinary programs throughout North America. She has also served on task forces of the National Institutes of Health, National Science Foundation, and National Academies of Science, and is on board of the International Network for the Science of Team Science and HASTAC (Humanities, Arts, Science, and Technology Alliance and Collaboratory), Klein is active internationally as well. In l978-79 she was Visiting Foreign Professor in Japan; in l987, a Fulbright Lecturer in Nepal, and, in 1995, a Foundation Visitor at the University of Auckland.

Daniel Stokols is Research Professor and Chancellor’s Professor Emeritus at the University of California, Irvine. His research focuses on people’s transactions with their social and physical environments, and how those affect personal and public health, social behavior, and ecological sustainability. Professor Stokols’ scholarship spans the fields of social ecology, environmental psychology, the science of team science, and transdisciplinary public health. He served as Director of the Social Ecology Program in 1988-92 and as Founding Dean of the School of Social Ecology at UCI from 1992-98. His faculty appointment at UCI is in Psychological Science and Urban Planning and Public Policy in the School of Social Ecology. He also holds an appointments in Public Health and UCI’s Institute for Clinical and Translational Science in the College of Health Sciences. Professor Stokols co-authored Behavior, Health, and Environmental Stress, edited Perspectives on Environment and Behavior, and co-edited the Handbook of Environmental Psychology, Environmental Simulation, and Promoting Human Wellness. His most recent book, Social Ecology in the Digital Age, was published by Academic Press in 2018. Stokols has served as a team science consultant to the National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences and the National Academies Keck Futures Initiative (NAKFI). He is co-author of the National Academy of Sciences report on Enhancing the Effectiveness of Team Science (2015)

Loggina S. Báez is the School Liaison of the Project Effects of Air Pollutants in Respiratory Health and Cognition of Puerto Rican Children (1R15MD01201-1) at Universidad Ana G. Méndez, Carolina Campus (formerly known as Universidad del Este). She has taught courses in the Graduate Program of Clinical Social Work at the same institution. Dr. Báez has a background in Academic-Research Psychology, with specific training in school contexts research, community work, Transdisciplinary and Community Based Participatory (CBPR). She has coordinated the VIAS Health Disparity Network (RIMI grant), Violence and Asthma Minority Research Network (VIAS Project - NIH-NIMHD) at UAGM, and also coordinated a NIMH R24 that offered support to faculty and advanced graduate students interested in mental health and HIV/AIDS at the University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus. She received a Ph.D. in Psychology from University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras in 2010. Her research interests are: CBPR, Transdisciplinary Science, Cognitive Psychology, Sport Psychology and Neuropsychology.

Florencia Ferrigno Came was trained as a sociologist at the Universidad de la República (Uruguay). Currently, she is an Assistant at the Unidad de Extensión y Actividades en el Medio at the Facultad de Ciencias Sociales (Universidad de la República, Uruguay). Her main research interests include knowledge production processes and learning processes in “Integral Spaces”. She is Co-Principal Investigator on the project entitled “The production of interdisciplinary knowledge in UdelaR: modalities, integration and evaluation processes”, funded by the Comisión Sectorial de Investigación Científica (Central Commission of Scientific Research) of UdelaR between 2017 and 2019.

Florencia Ferrigno Came was trained as a sociologist at the Universidad de la República (Uruguay). Currently, she is an Assistant at the Unidad de Extensión y Actividades en el Medio at the Facultad de Ciencias Sociales (Universidad de la República, Uruguay). Her main research interests include knowledge production processes and learning processes in “Integral Spaces”. She is Co-Principal Investigator on the project entitled “The production of interdisciplinary knowledge in UdelaR: modalities, integration and evaluation processes”, funded by the Comisión Sectorial de Investigación Científica (Central Commission of Scientific Research) of UdelaR between 2017 and 2019.

María Goñi Mazzitelli was trained as a sociologist at the Universidad de la República (Uruguay), where she obtained her Masters in Science, Technology and Society. Currently, she is an Assistant at the Comisión Sectorial de Investigación Científica (Universidad de la República, Uruguay). She is Co-PI on the project entitled “The production of interdisciplinary knowledge in UdelaR: modalities, integration and evaluation processes”, funded by the Comisión Sectorial de Investigación Científica (Central Commission of Scientific Research) of UdelaR between 2017 and 2019.

Sawsan Khuri is a Lecturer in Biomedical Sciences at the University of Exeter College of Medicine and Health, with a focus on team science and science communication. She is also the executive director of Collaborative Capacities, a professional services company specialized in the design and facilitation of meetings and events that energize, enlighten and enable innovation through collaboration.

Theresa Lant is Professor of Management and Academic Director of Arts and Entertainment Management at Pace University. She received her Ph.D. from Stanford University in 1987. Dr. Lant is an internationally recognized scholar for her research on learning and adaptation in teams and organizations. Her current work explores cognition and learning processes in interdisciplinary teams, with a focus on team leadership and innovation in medical research. Dr. Lant’s research has been recognized by a National Science Foundation grant to study and train interdisciplinary medical research teams. She has served in a variety of leadership roles in the Academy of Management and the INFORMS College on Organization Science. Her publications have appeared in Clinical and Translational Science, Small Group Research, Group and Organization Management, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, Journal of Management, Management Science, Organization Science, and Strategic Management Journal.

Bethany Laursen is an integration & implementation specialist, finishing an M.A. in Philosophy and a Ph.D. in Community Sustainability at Michigan State University. She previously received a B.S. in Biological Science with a minor in Chemistry from Biola University, and an M.S. in Environment & Resources and Forestry from UW-Madison. After practicing as an interdisciplinary environmental scholar and educator for 10 years, she switched fields to study theories of interdisciplinarity. She is particularly interested in tools that enhance interdisciplinary reasoning in sustainability studies. She also maintains an evaluation, data visualization, and leadership consultancy

David Lebow is the inventor of HyLighter and CEO of HyLighter LLC. David received his Ph.D. in Instructional Systems Design from Florida State University in 1995 and has won several national awards for his work in the area of computer-enhanced collaborative learning environments.

Elina I. Mäkinen is an associate professor at Tampere University, Finland, in the Faculty of Management and Business and the New Social Research program. Her research focuses on collaboration among heterogeneous teams, academic entrepreneurship, and transdisciplinary and translational science in medicine and the life sciences. In her research, Dr. Mäkinen relies on qualitative methods and process research approaches. She received her Ph.D. at Stanford University’s organization studies doctoral program.

Nilda G. Medina is an Associate Professor at the School of Social and Human Sciences of Universidad Ana G. Méndez (UAGM), Carolina Campus (formerly known as Universidad del Este) in Carolina, Puerto Rico. She holds a PhD in Academic-Research Psychology from the University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras Campus and a master’s Degree in General Psychology from New York University. From 2011 to 2015 she was a Research Professor in UAGM’s Project VIAS-RIMI and is currently Principal Investigator of several research projects, including Project ECO-RED (Effects of air pollutants on respiratory health and cognition of Puerto Rican children - R15MD010201), funded by the National Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Likewise, she has worked as a school psychologist in the public and private sector. Her research interests include neurocognitive development, language development, learning disabilities, school violence and school climate.

Loyda B. Méndez is an Associate Professor in the School of Science and Technology at Universidad Ana G. Méndez (UAGM), Carolina Campus (formerly known as Universidad del Este) in Carolina, Puerto Rico. After completing her Ph.D. in Environmental Toxicology at the University of California, Irvine in 2006, she completed postdoctoral studies in Biochemistry and Aerosol Dosimetry. From 2011 to 2013 she was the Associate Director and Research Specialist of the Air Pollution Health Effects Laboratory at the University of California, Irvine. In 2013, she joined the VIAS Health Disparity Network, which used Transdisciplinary (TD) and Community Based Participatory Research (CBPR) approaches for the Prevention of Asthma and Violence in local elementary schools. Currently, Dr. Méndez is a principal investigator of project ECO-RED, whose goal is to study the effects of traffic-related air pollutants in the respiratory and cognitive health of Puerto Rican children. Her main research interest is to understand the adverse health effects of inhaled toxicants in susceptible populations.

Megan Potterbusch is the data services librarian for George Washington University Libraries and Academic Innovation. She works with faculty and student researchers on data access and research data management and has a particular interest in the theory and practice of open science. Potterbusch received her masters of library and information science from Simmons College, and was a National Digital Stewardship Resident focused on implementing open science and digital stewardship principles through outreach and supporting researchers to explore new multi-function tools and technology. Correspondence concerning this chapter should be addressed to Megan Potterbusch.

Maritza Salazar is an Assistant Professor at the Paul Merage School of Business. She earned her PhD in Management from the Stern School of Business at New York University. Her research is focused on improving the collaboration processes and performance outcomes in knowledge-diverse and culturally diverse teams. Professor Salazar is the recipient of numerous research awards including several major multi-year grants from the National Science Foundation on team science in healthcare and the physical sciences. She has also consulted, advised, or spoken about her team science research at various academic institutions including the National Academies of Science and the National Institutes of Health.

Chitvan Trivedi is an Assistant Professor in Organization and Management Studies at Gettysburg College. He holds a Ph.D. in Social Ecology from the University of California, Irvine. Prior to joining Gettysburg College, he was a postdoctoral scholar at UCI. He also holds Masters degrees in Computer Networks and Business Administration. His research focuses on social entrepreneurship and its relationship to the creation and sustenance of societal change. Specifically, he is interested in the role of systems thinking and collaborative processes in addressing social problems. His research has been supported by the Newkirk Fellowship and the Heather Mills Graduate Fellowship in Human Security at UCI.

Bianca Vienni Baptista was trained as an Anthropologist (Universidad de la República, Uruguay) and obtained her Masters and PhD. at the Universidad de Granada (Spain). Currently, she is a postdoctoral researcher at Transdisciplinarity Lab at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zurich, Switzerland). In the period 2016-2018, she worked at the Methodology Center at Leuphana University of Lüneburg (Germany). Between 2008 and 2017, she was an Associate Professor at the Academic Department at Espacio Interdisciplinario, Universidad de la República (Uruguay). Her main research interests include science, technology and higher education policy, and inter- and trans-disciplinary knowledge production and institutions. She coordinates and is the Principal Investigator (PI) of the project entitled “The production of interdisciplinary knowledge in UdelaR: modalities, integration and evaluation processes”, funded by the Comisión Sectorial de Investigación Científica (Central Commission of Scientific Research) of UdelaR between 2017 and 2019.